第八节 情态动词和虚拟语气

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．(2019·江西五校联考)It has been accepted that all the students________put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with flu virus.

shall[在第三人称作主语的陈述句中，表示规定、制度，应用shall。]

2．(2019·四川成都七中段考)The young firefighter insisted that he ________(be) well－prepared and should be sent there to put out the fire.

was[句意：那位年轻的消防员坚持说他准备好了，并且坚持要去那里救火。当insist意为“坚持说；坚持认为”时用陈述语气，且根据主句时态为一般过去时可知，从句也应用过去时。且此处表达的是说话时所处的一种状态，故用一般过去时。故填was。]

3．(2019·安徽黄山质检)—I’m afraid I have to leave now，for you see，he is waiting for me.

—Well，if you ________，at least wait till the heavy rain stops.

must[句意：——恐怕现在我不得不离开了，因为你知道，他在等我。——好的，如果你非得走，至少要等到大雨停了再走。根据语境可知填must，意为“偏要；非得”。]

4．(2019·安徽江淮十校联考)As the deadline is drawing near，no one ________leave with his own work uncompleted.

shall[句意：由于截止日期即将到来，不完成工作，任何人不许离开。shall用于第三人称陈述句中，表示命令、警告，符合句意。]

5．(2019·河北石家庄质检)My mom suggests that we ________ eat out for a change this weekend.

should[suggest表示“建议”时，所跟宾语从句要用虚拟语气，用should do构成。]

6．(2019·山东济南模拟)Grace doesn’t want to move to New York because she thinks if she ________(live)there，she wouldn’t be able to see her parents very often.

were to live/should live/lived[Grace不想搬到纽约去，因为她认为如果她住在那里，就不能经常见到父母了。考查虚拟语气。根据wouldn’t be able to see...及句意可知，该句为与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，所以if从句谓语动词需用“were to＋do或should＋do或动词过去式”。]

7．(2019·四川绵阳质检)Don’t handle the vase as if it ________(make)of steel.

were made[考查虚拟语气。as if意为“好像”，分析句意可知as if后面的句子须使用虚拟语气，并且所述情况是对现在事实的假设，因此使用一般过去时的被动语态。]

8．(2019·江西瑞金模拟)We lost our way in that small village，otherwise we would ________(visit)more places of interest yesterday.

have visited[考查虚拟语气。根据语境可知谓语动词部分所表达的意思与过去事实相反，需用“should/would/could/might＋have＋过去分词”结构。]

9．(2019·山东青岛质检)Sorry，I am too busy now.If I ________(have)time，I would certainly go for an outing with you.

had[考查虚拟语气。根据第一句可知设空处是对现在的假设，故if从句谓语动词为过去式。]

10．(2019·河南洛阳联考)Jack is a great talker.It’s high time that he ________(do)something instead of just talking.

did/should do[考查虚拟语气句型It is high time that sb.did sth.或It is high time that sb.should do sth.到某人该做某事的时候了。]

Ⅱ.单句改错

1．(2019·江西南昌十校模拟)As a result，I suggest we are given less homework and more time for out－of－classroom activities.Only in this way can we live a happy and healthy life.________

are→be[虚拟语气错误。suggest在此处表示“建议”，因此其后跟的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should＋do”形式，且should可以省略。故此处应把are改为be。]

2．(2019·河南郑州预测)He became very angry，but I dared not to tell him about the game.________

删除to[考查情态动词。dare既可以作情态动词又可以作实义动词。dare的过去式为dared，此处其前没有用助动词，说明dare在此用作情态动词，故后跟动词原形。]

3．(2019·四川成都五校联考)People neglect the fact that our parents are the dearest persons in the world，so we should nice to our parents. ________

should后加be[情态动词后用动词原形，而nice为形容词，因此其前缺少be动词，故在should后加be。]

4．(2019·河北名校联考)There will a lecture in our library，at 4∶00 on Wednesday afternoon.________

will后加be[情态动词后用动词原形，而a lecture为名词，因此缺少be动词，故在will后加be。]

5．(2019·湖南衡阳八中模拟)It is true that no one should live without money in modern society.________

should→can[根据句意可知，表示“能，能够”，应用can。]

6．He chose to teach in a western province，though he would have stayed in the city for a better life.

would→could[句意：虽然他可以在这个城市过更好的生活，但他却选择到西部省份支教。could have done意为“本能够做……(但未做……)”。]

7．There is a possibility that these hens could be frightened and lay fewer eggs should there be a sudden loud noise.________

would→should[句意：如果突然有很大的噪音，这些母鸡有可能会因受到惊吓而少下蛋。在if引导的虚拟句中，如果从句里有should，were或had这三个动词，可将if省略，主谓倒装，因此，题干的后半句可以看作是：...if there should be a sudden loud noise。]

8．Would it have been the failure to pick up directions from the ground control that caused the air crash？________

would→could[句意：此次空难是不是因为飞机无法接收地面控制中心的指令造成的？could have done用于疑问句中，可表对已发生之事的推测。]

9．—I am worn out now.I stayed up last night to finish the report.

—Oh？You wouldn’t have.The professor asked us to hand it in next week.________

wouldn’t→needn’t[句意：——我现在疲惫不堪，为了完成报告我昨晚熬夜了。——哦？你没有必要这样做，教授要求我们下周交。needn’t have done...意为“本没有必要做……(但做了……)”。]

10．—I’ve told Nancy many times about the meeting，but she still forgot it!

—I understand.Actually，anyone must be very forgetful at times.________

must→can[句意：——我多次告诉南希关于会议的事情，但她还是忘了！——我了解。事实上，任何人偶尔都会健忘。can可用来表示客观可能性。]

Ⅲ.语法填空(以虚拟语气为主)

Tom and Peter are twins.They look as if they 1.were (be) the same person.Both the two boys are smart，but Tom is hard－working while Peter is lazy.Tom always wins the first place in the exams while Peter doesn’t.However，people believe if Peter 2.worked (work) as hard as Tom，he would do as well as his brother in his study.

At home，their parents suggest that they 3.(should)finish (finish) their homework before playing computer games.But Peter insists that it 4.is (be) OK to play games first as long as he can hand in his homework in time.Their mother gives in in the end.

One day，when doing his homework，Tom found he made a serious mistake.So he put his exercise book aside and used another one.When Peter found the previous exercise book，he struck out Tom’s name and signed his name on its cover 5.happily (happy)，and handed it in as his own homework the next day.

When the teacher told the truth to the twins’ mother，she was very angry and shouted at Peter.“How I wish you 6.were (be) as diligent as your brother！Now it’s time that I 7.gave/should give (give) you a good lesson.And you mustn’t play any computer games for a month！”

“Oh，no！Mom.Without a computer for such a long time，I 8.would die (die)．I would rather you 9.asked (ask) me to do the dishes for a month alone.”Peter was upset.

“If you 10.had finished (finish) your homework on time yesterday，you wouldn’t be punished now，”said the mother.

Ⅳ.短文改错

In our daily life，every one of us may be misunderstand.What is important is what to deal with it.

Once a classmate of me broke a classroom window during the break.As I did a lot of things for our class in the past，our teacher discussed it with me.I suggested our teacher forgave him.Then our teacher talked with him or made him promise that this would never be happen again.However，the classmate，in my regret，thought I had spoken ill of him behind his back and couldn’t talk with me any more.

As I always believe that communication is good way to clear up misunderstandings，I asked his best friend to explain the whole thing to him.When he learned the truth，he apologized to me，and we became good friend again.

答案

In our daily life，every one of us may be misunderstandmisunderstood. What is important is whathow to deal with it.

Once a classmate of memine broke a classroom window during the break.As I did a lot of things for our class in the past，our teacher discussed it with me.I suggested our teacher forgaveforgive him.Then our teacher talked with him orand made him promise that this would never  be  happen again.However，the classmate，into my regret，thought I had spoken ill of him behind his back and couldn’twouldn’t talk with me any more.

As I always believe that communication is ∧a good way to clear up misunderstandings，I asked his best friend to explain the whole thing to him.When he learned the truth，he apologized to me，and we became good friendfriends again. 

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