***Unit 1 Science and Scientists***

☞ Unit 1 单词表和听力

(文章有本单元完整音频，含视频内容）

***Reading and thinking (pages 2-3)***

To raise new questions, new possibilities, to regard old problems from a new angle, requires creative imagination and marks real advance in science.

提出新的问题，新的可能性，从新的角度看待老问题，需要创造性的想象力，标志着科学的真正进步。

-(美)阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦(Albert Einstein),(波兰)利奥波德·英费尔德(Leopold Infeld

1-rj-xx2-unit 1 reading and thinking.mp3音频：00:00/04:35

--课文翻译--

JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”

Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world, until a British doctor. John Snow, showed how it couldbe overcome. This illness causes severe diarrhoea, dehydration, and even death. In the early 19th century, when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died from the disease. As a young doctor, John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera. In time, he rose to become a famous doctor, and even attended to Queen Victoria when she gave birth. However, he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all.

 

In general,doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread. One theory was that bad air caused the disease. Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. Snow subscribed to the second theory. It was correct, but he still needed proof. Consequently, when an outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, Snow began to investigate. He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why.

 

Snow began by marking on a map the exact places where all those who died hadlived. There were multiple deaths near the water pump in Broad Street (especially house numbers 16, 37, 38, and40). However, some households (suchas 20 and 21 Broad Street, and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths.These people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given freebeer, and so had not drunk the water from the pump. Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.What is more, in another part of London, a woman and her daughter had died of cholera after moving away from Broad Street. It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. As a result of this evidence, John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used. Through this intervention, the disease was stopped in its tracks.

 

The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste. Moreover, Snow was later able toshow a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London. Some companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted byraw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water.

 

Through Snow’s tireless efforts, water companies began to sellclean water and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease. However, cholera is still a problem. Each year, millions of people around the world get cholera and many die from it. Fortunately, we now know how to prevent cholera, thanks to the work of John Snow. Moreover, in his use of maps and statistics, Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases. For this reason, Snow is considered the father of modern epidemiology.

 

约输•斯诺战胜“霍乱王”

在英国医生约翰・斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。它可导致严重腹泻、脱水甚至死亡。十九世纪初，崔乱暴发，肆虐欧洲，数百万人丧命。由于当时无人知道如何预防或治疗霍乱，年轻的约翰・斯诺医生很沮丧。后来，他成了一位名医。甚至照料分娩的维多利亚女王。然而，他始终没有放弃彻底根除霍乱的愿望。

 

关于霍乱的蔓延方式，当时医生大体上有两种截然不同的看法。一种看法是空气污染引发，另一种看法是食物或饮用水中的细菌感染导致霍乱。斯诺赞同第二种看法。这一看法是正确的，但他仍需要证据。因此，1854年伦敦暴发霍乱时，斯诺便开始调查。他发现霍乱疫情在两条街道上尤为严重，十天内就有500多人死亡。他决心查明原因。

 

斯诺首先在地图上标出所有死者住所的确切位置。宽街水泵附近有多例死亡(尤其是16号、37号、38号及40号住宅)，但是有些住户(如宽街20号和21号以及剑桥街8号和9号)却无人死亡。这些幸存者在剑桥街7号的酒吧工作，酒吧为他们提供免费啤酒，因此没有喝水泵抽上来的水。斯诺怀疑水泵就是罪魁祸首。此外，在伦敦的另一个区域，一名妇女和她的女儿从宽街搬来后死于霍乱。该妇女似乎非常喜欢从水泵抽上来的水，每天都让人从那里打水运到家里来。有了这个证据，约翰·斯诺就能够宣布水泵抽上来的水携带霍乱病菌。于是，他让人拆掉了水泵的把手，这样水泵就用不成了。这一干预举措遏制了疾病的蔓延。

 

事情的真相是宽街水泵抽上来的水被废弃物污染了。此外，斯诺之后还证明了另外几起霍乱病例与伦敦多家饮用水公司有关。有些公司出售的水取自被未处理的废弃物污染的泰晤士河。与饮用纯浄水或开水的人相比，饮用被污染的水的人更容易染上霍乱。

 

经过斯诺的不懈努力，饮用水公司开始出售洁净水，世界各地霍乱的威胁大幅降低。然而，霍乱仍是问题。每年全球有数百万人感染霍乱，其中许多人因此丧生。幸运的是，由于约翰・斯诺的努力，我们现在知道了如何预防霍乱。此外，通过使用地图和数据，斯诺改变了科学家研究疾病的方式。因此，斯诺被誉为现代流行病学之父。

 

***Talk about scientific experiences (page 6)***

2-rj-xx2-unit 1 usinglanguage-3.mp3音频：00:00/02:16

3-rj-xx2-unit 1 usinglanguage-4.mp3音频：00:00/02:01

--听力原文--

Judy: Oh, I’m so sorry that you were ill and couldnt come with us on our field trip. How are you feeling now? Better?

Bill: Much better, thanks. But how was it?

Judy: Wonderful! I especially liked an area of the museum called Light Games. It was really cool. They had a hall of mirrors where I could see myself reflected thousands of times!

Bill: A hall of mirrors can be a lot of fun. What else did they have?

Judy: Well, they had an experiment where we looked at a blue screen for a while, and then suddenly we could see tiny bright lights moving around on it. You’ll never guess what those bright lights were!

Bill: Come on, tell me!

Judy: They were our own blood cells. For some reason, our eyes play tricks on us when we look at a blue screen, and we can see our own blood cells moving around like little lights! But there was another thing I liked better. I stood in front of a white light, and it cast different shadows of me, in every colour of the rainbow!

Bill: Oh, I wish I had been there. Tell me more.

Judy: Well, they had another area for sound. They had a giant piano keyboard that you could use your feet to play. But then, instead of playing the sounds of a piano, it played the voices of classical singers! Then they had a giant dish, and when you spoke into it, it reflected the sound back and made it louder. You could use it to speak in a whisper to someone 17 metres away.

Bill: It all sounds so cool. I wish I could have gone with you.

Judy: I know, but we can go together this weekend. I’d love to go there again!

Bill: That sounds like a great idea!

--听力答案--

***Write about what makes a great scientist(pages 7-9)***

4-rj-xx2-unit 1 usinglanguage.mp3音频：00:00/07:06

--课文文本和翻译--

THE FATHER OF CHINA’S AEROSPACE

Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China’s aerospace science than Qian Xuesen. Described by the authors of the Story of Qian Xuesen as a man with "great scientific thought and scientific spirit" who was patriotic and served his homeland with effort, achievement, and devotion, Qian was an extremely well-respected man.

 

Born in Hangzhou in 1911, Qian attended schools in Beijing and then entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study Railway Mechanical Engineering. However，after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932，Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation because he realised that China needed its own powerful air force to protect and defend the country.

 

Qian went to the United States in 1935 to pursue his graduate studies. Over the course of the 1930s and 1940s, Qian became a pioneer in American jet and rocket technology. As a graduate assistant at the California institute of Technology during the 1930s, Qian helped conduct important research into rocket propulsion, and in the 1940s, he and several other people founded the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, now one of NASA'S leading space-exploration centres.

 

After overcoming some difficulties during his final few years in the US Qian returned to China in 1955. He received a hero’s welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China’s rocket science but also its space and missile programme. At that time, China was poor and its rocket science was undeveloped. No institute or university in China offered rocket science as a major, and there were no talents or experts in this field in China. Nevertheless, Qian did not let that discourage him from taking on the challenge. When asked "Can we Chinese possibly make missiles?” his reply was a determined "Why not? We Chinese are able to make the same things that other people make.”

 

Under Qians leadership, China developed the Dongfeng missiles, followed by the first generation of Long March rockets. In 1970, China successful launched its first man-made satellite, Dong Fang Hong I, from a Long March rocket. Because much of the technology behind the Shenzhou rockets can also be traced back to Qian's research, Qian earned the name of "the father of Chinas aerospace.”

 

Qian read a lot and was extremely knowledgeable, especially in the area of frontier science research. However,what might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his strong interest in other things, such as music and drawing. His deep appreciation for art often gave him inspiration in his scientific research.

 

On 31 October 2009, the whole country was saddened by Qians death, and people honoured and remembered him in different ways.

 

中国航天之父

也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。钱学森备受人们的尊敬，《钱学森的故事》一书的作者称他是一位具有“伟大科学思想和科学精神”的人，并且热爱祖国、勤勉努力、甘于奉献成就斐然。

 

钱学森1911年生于杭州，在北京上学，后来考入上海交通大学，学习铁道机械工程。不过，1932年淞沪会战爆发后，钱学森意识到中国需要建设强大的空军来保卫国家，因此决定改学航空专业。

 

1935年，钱学森前往美国读研究生。二十世纪三四十年代，钱学森成为美国喷气式飞机和火箭技术的先驱人物。二十世纪三十年代担任加州理工学院的研究生助理时，钱学森协助开展火箭推进方面的重要研究工作。二十世纪四十年代，钱学森与其他几人成立了喷气推进实验室，该实验室现已成为美国宇航局领先的太空探素中心之一。

 

留学美国的最后几年，钱学森克服困难，于1955年回到中国。他受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎，受命发展中国的火箭科学以及航天和导弹项目。那时候，中国还很贫穷，火箭科学尚不发达。中国没有一所学院或大学开设火箭科学专业，而且没有该领域的人才或专家。然而，钱学森并不气馁，而是接受挑战。有人问他:“我们中国人有可能制造出导弹吗?他的回答十分坚定:“有什么不能的，外国人能造出来的，我们中国人同样能造得出来。”

 

在钱学森的领导下，中国研制出了“东风”导弹，紧接着又研制出第一代“长征”系列火箭。1970年，中国使用“长征”火箭成功发射本国第一颗人造卫星“东方红一号”。由于“神舟”系列火箭的大部分技术也可追根溯源到钱学森的研究，因此钱学森被誉为”中国航天之父“。

 

钱学森博览群书，尤其在前沿科学研究领域知识极其渊博。然而，他之所以能成为一名如此杰出、富有创造力的科学家，可能是因为他对音乐绘画等其他事物的浓厚兴趣。他深厚的艺术鉴赏力时常给科研工作带来灵感。

 

2009年10月31日，钱学森逝世，举国哀痛，人们以各种方式纪念他缅怀他。

***Video Time (Page 12)***

 

，时长03:02

--视频脚本--

Why Is It Important to Explore?

Narrator: Why is it important to explore?

Emily Ainsworth: It's part of human nature to be curious and to want to learn more about the world.

Juan Martinez:It's where you find yourself, where you find new things, where you grow.

Laly Lichtenfeld: It keeps life exciting. I mean that's what exploring is about.

Clare Fieseler: That's what drives people to, like, the highest mountains and the deepest crevices. I don't think that will ever stop.

Lee Berger: We think we know this place, but we don't. We think we know ourselves, bu we don’t. We think we understand how things work, but we don’t.

Catherine Workman:By knowing what's out there, we care about what's out there.

Cory Richards:And if we have more to care about, then we engage more fully with our world and more fully with our human family, and we act—you know—with love.

Lee Berger: That’s why exploration is so fundamentally important.

Narrator: Humans have always explored. We want to understand this planet we live on. We use the hightech tools of science to help us explore. Theres still so much we want to know about the other creatures who share our planet. There's still so much we want to know about the people who came before us. Theres still so much more to explore

Various Explorers: It's totally amazing: the first flight of a butterfly with a tag.

We can take these technologies, go to places that are totally inaccessible to us otherwise, and actually explore them as if with our own eyes.

That's it, baby. Come to papa

We just discovered a new species of frog.

This is fabulous.

We're successful.

OK, release.

In 16 drops, we found eight new species of fish.

Look. Wow. It's really important right now to get involved and do science that helps conservation.

It's incredible. I love it. I love it.

I woke up. I could feel a polar bear pushing on the tent.

Nobody would need a coffee if you got woken up by a bear.

We have never seen anything like this.

There's a lot of questions that, honestly, I thought had already been answered that were nowhere near understanding yet.

There's still a last frontier, and I think there’s work for generations of explorers

If it was easy, someone else would do it.

 

***WorkBook***

13-xx2 unit 1 课后练习A.mp3音频：00:00/02:58

***Listening and Speaking (page 63)***

14-xx2unit 1 课后练习B.mp3音频：00:00/02:48

--听力原文--

China Sets Record with Deep-sea Dive

On 27 June 2012, China became only the fifth country to send a manned submarine into the deep sea when its ship, the Jiaolong, reached a depth of 7,062 metres in the Pacific Oceans Mariana Trench. Three men, Ye Cong, Liu Kaizhou, and Yang Bo, took part in this eleven-hour mission, which saw them spend three hours on the ocean floor. While there, they collected samples and conducted research. Only two other submarines have succeeded in diving deeper into the ocean, and the Jiaolong is the only manned submarine left in the world capable of working at such depths. Jian Lin, a researcher at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Massachusetts noted that the achievement is a symbol of “China’s increasing leadership in scientific exploration of the deep ocean". In the future, this 8-metre-long submarine will be used for a deep-water survey of the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans.

China Creates World's First Quantum Computing Machine

On 3 May 2017, Chinese researchers Pan Jianwei and his colleagues announced that they had created the world’s first quantum computing machine, at a press conference in Shanghai. At its most basic level, a regular computer processes data as a series of ones and zeros. This limits how fast it can go. The Chinese quantum computing machine uses photons, which can process much more data at the same time. This makes it much faster than regular computers. Indeed, the Chinese machine can process data 24,000 times quicker than regular computers. The quantum computing machine is still under development, and they have not been able to create a fully functioning quantum computer just yet. Pan reports that it may be another ten to twenty years before this dream can be realized.

--听力答案--

 

***Reading and writing (page 64)***

15-xx2unit 1 课后阅读.mp3音频：00:00/03:45

 

***unit 1全部听力音频（含视频部分）***

 

 

 

奇速英语训练营欢迎各地的学员参加，训练营中，学员对主讲老师用具有国家专利课程的204张思维导图、天马行空的故事，以及幽默风趣、严肃活泼的课堂组织感到满意，充分释放学员个性，这种在玩中学、学中玩的游学模式，完成不同于传统课堂，学员不受拘谨和束缚，7-9天营期学习+70天线上每日一刻钟复训掌握1600词汇/3500词汇。详细了解咨询：13982203753袁老师（微信同号）

初中思维导图原理

从第一个单词best(最好的)延伸至test(测试)，再延伸至text(课文)、textbook(课本)……以此类推展开的思维导图记忆模式。通过学习，我们就会发现这几个单词连续读起来都非常有节奏感，且在某种程度上也有关联性。

高中词汇课程原理

 

高中《一本小说24个故事串记3500词汇》

 

学员收获：

　1、48小时速记高中 3500 词汇

　　2、24个故事引人入胜环环相扣

　　3、聚焦高考重点难点奇速涨分

　　4、风趣外教剖析英美寓教于乐

　　5、语法阅读完形写作综合提升

　　6、足不出川尽享纯正西式教学

 

24个故事串记高中3500个英语单词，这些词汇总共由24个独立的双语故事组成，而这24个独立的故事彼此之间又环环相扣，合聚为一个完整的情节跌宕起伏的中篇小说。故事的内容围绕着中学生颇感兴趣的话题展开，其中融入了科幻、穿越、惊险等奇异元素，情节生动曲折、悬念丛生，引人入胜。

快速阅读写作课程原理

奇速英语快速阅读课程中的每个模块分为四个部分：

1.技巧点拨：方法独特、实用高效;

2.讲透一题：思维导图，巧妙讲解;

3.极速体验：实战演练，学以致用;

4.举一反三：名师原创，即学即练。

该课程将针对教学大纲阅读题型进行分解，各个击破。利用答题方法与技巧，一针见血，一步到位。传授阅读高手26招制胜法宝，高分速成，一学就会。

中考阅读由四篇文章增加到五篇，题量增加，篇幅扩大。学生在学会了老师提供的方法与技巧后再结合当下时事新闻与中高考出题规则的阅读题目进行反复练习，最终将方法烂熟于心，遇到任何一种阅读题型都能在第一时间找到最准确的答案!

冬令营学习内容

小学/初中《思维导图故事记单词》：奇速英语思维导图故事记单词是通过学汉字的方法学习英语——偏旁+部首，同时利用思维导图发散记忆。32小时速记：小学800词汇就100张思维导图，初中1600词汇204张思维导图，每张思维导图，又编成一个故事，做到了词不离句，句不离篇，听说读写联动提升。

高中《一本小说24个故事串记3500词汇》：围绕着每个故事都进行了词汇、句型、写作、完型等方面的扩展，涵盖了词汇、语法、写作、阅读等大纲要求的模块。因此，学生可以在享受故事情节的轻松时刻，同时于潜移默化中牢记中学考纲里的单词。

初中/高中《快速阅读写作》：是一套全方位系统讲解与针对训练相结合的高品质课程，通过独创思维导图和名师教学引导，培养学生分析归纳、推理检验的英语阅读能力。奇速英语26招快速阅读制胜法宝，从技巧、语篇、文体、题型、题设五方面切入，彻底扫除阅读中所有疑难杂症。配套针对性强化训练，学以致用，举一反三，快速高效提升学生的英文阅读能力。

让孩子参加冬暑期夏令营活动不是去观光旅游，不是去比吃什么样的风味，不是去比住几星级的酒店，而是要看孩子在这个活动中能否全方位的体验到主题所倡导的各项活动，能否从中学习、体会到孩子成长中所需要的素质。

 

适用于家庭首选（书房变培训班），目前无培训班而选择奇速通就相当于把专业和优质的英语教育资源请回家。适用于双减机构转型（可合作代理），目前90%以上的代理商都是孩子受益于奇速通的，于是分享和推广奇速通，所以只要你认可奇速通的理念，看好教育事业，同时你有梦想，有目标，有执行力，就可以订购当校长。

 

 

建议初高中生每天抽出10分钟，提升英语阅读素养。

 

奇速英语时文阅读小程序

这是一款可以随时随地阅读英语的时文阅读软件。

不论你是读小学、初中或高中各年级；

不论你想读记叙文、应用文、议论文、说明文；

不论你想读哪种题型；

不用担心难易程度；

不用去上培训班 ；

英语时文分级读、看世界、学英语。

 

超100个英语阅读热点话题；

每天实时更新热点文章；

超8000篇原创阅读文章个性化选择。

这款英语阅读软件题材选材同源外报外刊。

 

 

【特别预告】

 

奇速英语—基于大数据技术的个性化学习！30篇文章突破英语词汇阅读系列（考研/职教/普教/成人)全部上线，欢迎购买学习、合作代理。

 

 

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