Unit 5  The Value of Money

一、重点单词

1.basis n.基础；根据；基点

(1)在......的基础上；根据......on the basis of

(2)定期的: on a regular basis

(3)The present Olympic Games are held every four years on a regular basis.

→ base  n.基地  vt.以......为基础

→ basic adj. 根本的，基本的

 

2.apologize v.道歉

(1)因做某事而向某人道歉 apologize to sb for sth/ make an apology to sb for sth.

(2)He apologized to the teacher for his missing the lesson.

→ apology n 道歉

接受、拒绝道歉 accept/refuse an apology

因做某事而向某人道歉 make an apology to sb for sth.

 

3.ignore vt 忽视；对......不予理会

(1)无视交通规则: ignore traffic rules

(2)不理会某人的建议: ignore one’s advice

(3)不顾个人的安危: ignore personal safety

Not knowing a single person at the party, he felt ignored by all the people present.

→ ignorant adj.无知的；愚昧的

对......无知: be ignorant of/about sth.

→ ignorance adj.无知；愚昧

出于无知: out of/through ignorance 

 

4.judge vt/vi. 评价；评判；判断 n. 法官；审判员；裁判员

(1)决不要以貌取人: Never judge a person by their looks. / Don’t judge a book by its cover.

(2)根据他的口音来判断: judging from/ by his accent

(3)根据我的判断: as far as I can judge

If you brain judges the information important, it places it in your memory “ files”.

→ judgement n. 判断，评判

（就......）做出评价 make a judgement

 

5.scene n. 场；现场；场面；景色

(1)事故现场: the scene of the accident

(2)在后台；（喻）在幕后 behind the scenes

(3)出现。到场，在场 on the scene

警察立刻赶到了现场。

The police were on the scene immediately.

→ scenic adj. 风景优美的

 

6.bet n. 打赌；赌注（bet/ bet）vi/vt

(1)和某人打个赌: make a bet with sb

bet vi/vt. 打赌；赌注（bet/ bet）

(1)当然、肯定；you bet

(2)对某事打赌，在某事上下赌注: bet on sth

You can put a bet on almost anything these days.

 

7.sail vi/vt. 航行（人）乘船航行

(1)乘船环游世界: sail around the world

(2)乘船横渡大西洋: sail across the Atlantic

(3)启程前往: set sail for

→ sailor n. 船员，水手

He was a sailor and an adventure.

 

8.spot n. 地点；处所；斑点；污迹

 

(1)当下；当场；在现场: on the spot = on the scene

(2)一些血渍: a few spots of blood

(3)海滩上一个安静的地方: a quiet spot on the beach.

→ spot vt. 看见；注意到；发现；

(1)看到某人、某物正在做某事: spot sb/sth doing sth

He was spotted and rescued at sea by accident by a british ship and landed in London.

 

9.dare vi/modal v 胆敢；敢于 作情态动词，多用于否定句和疑问句中

(1)不敢做...... dare not ( daren’t) do….

(2)我/你/他敢......？Dare I/ he/you…?

(3)你竟敢......How dare you…?

(4)我想；很可能；大概: I dare say

Dare 作实义动词；在人称、数、和时态等形式变化上与其他实义动词相同

(5)敢做......: dare to do 

(6)不敢做......: don’t/doesn’t dare to do sth

我敢肯定你从来不敢不听他的。

I’m sure you never dare to go against him.

 

10.sort n. 种类；类别

(1)各种各样（名词前）all kinds/sorts of 

各种各样（名词后）of all sorts

(2)有几分，有点儿，稍微 sort/kind of

→ sort v. 整理; 把…分类;

整理、把......安排好；挑出；解决  sort out

这些鸡蛋按大小分类的。

The eggs are sorted according to size.

 

11.patience n. 耐心；忍耐力；毅力；

(1)对......几乎没有/没有耐心 have little/no patience with ...

(2)对......失去耐心 lose/run out of patience

(3)耐心地 with patience

She has little patience with such views.

→ patient adj. 有耐心的 n. 病人

对......有耐心 be patient with...

→ patiently adv. 有耐心地

耐心对待 wait patiently

 

12.indicate vt/vi. 表明；显示；vt. 象征；暗示

(1)预示好天气 indicate fine weather

(2)正如其名称所示 as the name indicates

(3)表明某人的意图 indicate one’s intention

(4)预示/显示 indicate that…. 

Yellow  indicates that the customer should be alert.

→ indication n. 迹象；标示

有明显的迹象显示...... There are clear indications that….

 

13.postpone vt. 延迟；延期；延缓

(1)推迟做某事，延迟做某事: postpone/delay/put off doing sth

因为大雨，运动会不得不推迟到下周五举行。

Because of the heavy rain, the sports meeting had to be postponed.

→  立即，马上 without delay

 

14. obligation n 义务；职责；责任

(1)有义务，欠人情: be under obligation

(2)履行法律/ 职业/ 财务责任: fulfill one’s legal/ professional/ financial obligation.

(3)道德义务: moral obligation

(4)责任感、义务感: a sense of obligation

We are under no obligation to give him what he wants.

→ obligated adj. 有义务的，有责任的，必须的

(5)感觉不得不做某事: be/feel obligated to do sth

(6)觉得有义务做某事: be/feel obligated to do sth

→ oblige v.迫使，强迫；帮忙，效劳

→ obliged adj. 感谢，感激

如果你能......我将感激不尽。

I would be obliged if you could…

 

15.intention n. 打算；计划；意图；目的

(1)故意地:by intention

(2)为了，目的是: with the intention of

→ intend v 打算。计划；意指

打算做某事: intend to do/doing sth

→ intended adj 打算的、计划的。

为......打算（或设计）的: be intended for/to do sth

The plane has been kept in service far longer than originally intended.

 

16. nowhere adv 无处；哪里都不

(1)不可能找到/看见nowhere to be found/seen

(2)远没有；远不及: nowhere near

Nowhere 位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装语序，即把助动词、情态动词或连系动词be提到主语前面

那个老人疲惫不堪，连睡觉的地方也没有。

That old man was exhausted and had nowhere to sleep.

 

17. extent n 程度；限度；大小；范围

(1)在某种程度上: to some extent== to a certain extent/ to an extent

(2)在很大程度上: to great/large extent.

(3)在更大程度上: to a greater extent

To an extent, that is the reason for the meeting.

 

18. duty n. 责任；义务；职责；值班

(1)尽职责: perform/carry out one’s duty

(2)值班；值勤: on duty

(3)下班；不执勤: off duty

(4)做某事是某人的职责: it’s one’s duty to do sth

During the Olympic Games there were 2,250 police on duty in and around the stadium.

 

19.hesitate vi 犹豫；迟疑；顾虑

(1)对某事犹豫不决:hesitate about/over sth

(2)毫不犹豫做某事: don’t/never hesitate to do sth

→ hesitation n 犹豫；迟疑；顾虑；

毫不迟疑地，毫不犹豫地: without hesitation

To our surprise, the servant agreed to go to the opera without hesitation.

 

20.manner n 举止；行为方式；方法

(1)以一种......的方式/方法: in a ... manner

(2)用一种非常好的方式: in a very friendly manner

She behaves in an odd manner.

→ manners n 礼貌；礼仪

(1)餐桌礼仪: table manners

(2)注意某人的举止: mind one’s manners

(3)做某事是不礼貌的: it is bad manners to do sth

It’s good manners to arrive on time.

 

21.option n 可选择的事物；选择；选择权

(1)可以选择做某事: have the option of doing sth

(2)别无选择，只好做某事: have no option but to do sth

→ optional adj 可选择的，非强制的

上选修课: take optional courses

According to Professor Johnson, we don’t have to read the book if we don’t want to, as it is optional.

 

22.normal adj. 典型的；正常的；一般的；精神正常的，n 常态；通常标准；一般水平

(1)正常体温: normal temperature

(2)高于/低于正常水平: above/below normal

(3)恢复正常: return to normal

→ normally adv. 正常地；通常

In spite of the strike, the airports are working normally.

→ abnormal adj. 不正常的；反常的

 

23.willing adj 愿意；乐意

(1)愿意做某事: be willing to do

(2)主动帮忙的人: willing helpers

I am very willing to assist if needed.

→ willingness n. 愿意；乐意。

→ unwilling   adj. 不乐意的

不乐意做某事: be unwilling to do sth

 

24.permission n. 准许；许可；批准；许可证

(1)请求许可：ask for permission

(2)经/未经某人许可: with/without one’s permission

→ permit vt/vi 允许；准许；使有可能 n 通行证，许可证。

(3)允许某人做某事: permit sb to do sth

(4)允许做某事: permit doing sth

(5)申请旅行/停车/出口许可证: apply for a travel/ a parking/an export permit

Smoking is not permitted in the office.

 

二、重点短语

1.作为回报；作为回应： in return

(1)作为对......的回报: in return for

(2)相应地；转而；依次: in turn

(3)What can I do in return for your help?

 

2.As a matter of fact 事实上；其实；说真的

事实上 : in fact / Actually

 

3.更糟的是：to make matters worse

他上班没赶上火车。更糟糕的是，他把公文包落在家里了。

He missed the train to work. To make matters worse, he left his briefcase at home.

 

4.怎么了？What’s the matter?

 

5.by accident 偶然地；意外地

同义: by chance

反义: by design/ on purpose/ deliberately

我偶然发现后面跟着一辆警车。

I spotted a police car behind by accident

 

4.To be honest 说实话；坦率地说

==honestly speaking（插入语）

to be frank 坦率地说

to be exact 确切地说

坦白地说，成为科学家不是一件容易的事情！

Frankly speaking, it’s not easy to be easy to be a scientist.

 

5.ought to 应该；应当

ought to do sth 应该做某事

ought to 的否定式是 ought not to/oughtn.t to ，疑问式是把 ought放在主语前。

她不应该浪费时间。

She oughtn’t to waste time.

 

6.be about to do sth 即将或正要做某事

be about to do sth when ... 正要做某事，这时（另一件事情发生了）

be on the point of doing sth when ...正要做某事，这时（另一件事情发生了。

was/were doing sth when ... 正要做某事，这时（另一件事情发生了

He was about to close the window when a beautiful flower caught his eye.

 

7.in case 以防；以防万一

in case 以防万一（后接 句子 ，表示条件）

in case of 万一、如果（后接 名词、代词、动名词  ）

In that case 既然那样，即使那样的话。

in no case 绝不（位于句首时表示强调，句子用部分倒装结构）

as is often the case 情况常常如此（常做非限制性定语从句）: 

带把雨伞以防下雨。

Take an umbrella with you in case it rains!

 

三、重点句式

1. should have done 本应该做（而实际上未做）

教材原句

嗯，我认为陈丽燕还钱是对的，但她本应该接受王提供的钱。

Well, I think that Chen Liyan was correct in returning the money, but she should have accepted the money Wang offered.

句式仿写

你昨天应该告诉我你改变注意了。

You should have told me yesterday that you had changed your mind.

 

3.Wh-ever/however 引导的状语从句或名词性从句

教材原句

你想神魔时候来就什么时候来，想吃什么就吃什么。

You must come , whenever you want and have whatever you like.

句式仿写

我无论什么时候看到他，他都在看书，

Whenever I see him, he is reading.

 

3.find+宾语+宾补

教材原句

大约一个月前，我开船出海，傍晚时，一阵大风把我刮到了海上。

About a month ago, I was sailing, and towards night I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.

句式仿写

我醒来时发现外面的世界发生了翻天覆地的变化。

When I woke up ,I found the world outside completely changed.

 

4. see+宾语+宾补

教材原句

他们看到一个穷困潦倒的年轻人从户外走过。

They see a poor man walking outside their house.

我看到一位老妇人正在过马路。

I saw an old lady crossing the street.

 

5.强调句型

教材原句

这么说这艘船把你带到了英国。 

And it was the ship that brought you to England.

句式仿写

是你的幽默使我放松。

It was your sense of humor that put me at ease.

 

6.Why don’t you do ….为什么不做......呢？

教材原句

额，为什么不跟我讲讲，这究竟是怎么一回事呢？

Well, why don’t you explain what this is all about?

句式仿写

你为何不坐下来尝尝饭菜呢？

 

7.sb. was about to do sth… when…

教材原句

他正要坐下时。。。

He was about to sit down at the table when…

句式仿写

我正要出门这时桌上的电话响了。

I was about to go out when the telephone on the table rang.

 

8.状语从句的省略

教材原句

接着，他把钞票对折起来，然后又慢慢摊开，好像在看一个他不相信存在的东西。

Then he folds the bill and slowly unfolds it again, as if looking at something.

句式仿写

除非受到邀请，否则你应该在会议上保持沉默。

Unless invited you should remain silent at the meeting.

 

9.表示否定意义的词位于句首引起倒装。

教材原句

我记得当时我还在想，我这一辈子都不可能摸到这样一张钞票。

I remember thinking that never would I hold such a note as this.

句式仿写

周阳永远不会忘记他在家畅销英文报社的第一项工作任务。

Never will ZhouYang forget his assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.

 

奇速英语30篇文章突破词汇阅读系列还可以边学边赚钱

奇速英语30篇文章系列还可以边学边赚钱，学员们学习的同事可以分享学习链接或者海报，任意人购买后，学员将获得最高20%的佣金，价值人民币73.2元（多学多分享多赚钱），具体分佣规则可以参考学习页面详细介绍。

奇速英语基于大数据技术的个性化精准学习，30篇文章突破英语词汇阅读系列（考研/职教/普教/成人)全部上线，欢迎购买学习、合作代理咨询蒋老师：13980503458（微信同号）。

 

家庭书房变培训班

特色单词阅读训练

素质同步夯实基础

学习专机拒绝游戏

个性化精准减负增效