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2021期末复习高中英语常用短语及句型汇总

更新时间:2020-12-25浏览:评论: 条

英语常用短语及句型汇总

1.高考高频动词短语

(1)act短语:

act as 担任……职务,起……作用 act for 代理(某人职务),代为(处理某事)

act out 表演(对话、故事等) act up 捣乱,出毛病

(2)break短语:

break away 摆脱,脱离 break away from … 脱离……,奋力挣脱……

break down 出故障,坏掉,中止,累垮,分解

break in 打断,插话,闯入,强行进入 break into … 闯入……,破门而入

break (sth) off (使某物)折断,中断某事物,突然停止

break out (战争、火灾)突然发生,爆发

break out in tears 突然大哭 break the rule 违反规定

break through 突围,冲跨 break up 分解,分裂,拆散,碎开

(3)bring短语:

bring about 引起,导致,使发生 bring along 把……带来,领来

bring back 拿回来,使恢复 bring sb back 送回某人

bring sth / sb back to life 使……生动/活泼,使……苏醒

bring down 使……降低,减少,使……倒下,使……落下

bring down / up (the price) 降价/提价 [比较:(the price ) go down / up 价格下降 /上涨]

bring in 引进(技术),赚钱,带来(收入),吸收

bring on 发展,引起,导致,使前进

bring out 拿出,出版,生产,揭露,阐明,使表现出

bring up 抚养,培养,哺育

(4)call短语:

call at (sp) 访问(某地),拜访(某地) [比较:call on (sb) 拜访(某人),访问(某人)]

call back 回电话

call for 提倡,号召,要求,需要,去接某人,接走某人

call / shout for help 呼救 call in 请来,召集,来访,打电话

call off 取消 call on / upon 号召

call out 大声呼喊,叫喊 call up 给……打电话,使人想起,号召

(5)come短语:

come about 发生,产生 come across 偶然相遇

come along 来,随同,进展,加油 come at … 向……袭击

come back 回来,想起来,复活 come down 下来,下落,传下

come down to… 到达,从一处来到另一处

come for… 来拿,来取 come from… 来自,出生于

come in 进来,进入 come into being 形成,产生

come into use 使用起来 come off 脱落,从……离开

come on 过来,跟我来,加油,来吧,赶快

come up 被提出,上来,走来,上升,抬头,长出来

come up with … 提出,想出(主意),找出(答案),赶上

(6)cut短语:

cut away 切除,剪去 cut down 砍倒,砍下,削减

cut in 插嘴,加塞,插入 cut in line 插队

cut … into pieces / halves 把……切成碎片/切成两半

cut off 切断(线路),中断(供应) cut out 删除,剪下来

cut the cost of … 降低……的成本 cut up 切碎,剪碎,剁碎,齐根切掉

(8)get短语:

get a better understanding of China 更好地了解中国

get a full mark / full marks 得满分 get a lot of satisfaction 得到满足

get at 意指,本意是 get around = get about 四处走动,活动

get away 移走,拿走,逃脱,逃离 get away from 逃脱,逃离

get it 接(电话),应(门),理解,懂得 get off 下车,脱下(衣服等)

get on 上车,过活 get on / along with… 进展,与……相处

get out 离开,出去

get out of 逃避,避免 get over 克服,恢复,原谅

get up 起床,起身 get across 理解,度过

get through 接通(电话),完成(工作),通过(考试)

get to 到达,抵达

(9)give短语:

give away 赠送,给予,背弃,泄露,分发

give back 归还,送回 give in 投降,让步,屈服

give off 释放,发出,放出 (烟、光、热等)

give out 用完,耗尽,分发,发放 give over = hand over 转交,移交

give up 放弃,辞去

(10)go短语:

go abroad 出国 go about 四处走走,开始做,着手干

go about from house to house 挨/逐家拜访 go against 违反,违背

go ahead 说吧,干吧,领先,走在前面 go / walk around 四处走走

go away 走开,离去 go back 回去

go by 走过,经过,(时间)消逝,过去

go down 下来,落下,倒下 go down on one's knees 跪下

go for 为……去,努力获取,主张,适用于

go on 发生,进行,继续

go out 熄灭,出去 ,外出 go over 复习,过一遍,仔细检查,审阅

go up 上升,上涨,增长,攀登 go with… 与……相配

(12)hold短语:

hold a meeting / party 开会/举行晚会 hold back 退缩,踌躇,阻挡,控制住

hold one's breath 屏息,不出气 hold on 等一等,不要挂电话

hold on to 抓住,保住 hold out 伸出,坚持下去,维持

hold up 阻挡,使停顿,举起,拿起,阻滞

hold together 连在一起,团结一致

(13)keep短语:

keep away from 避开,别靠近 keep back 隐瞒,忍住,阻止……向前,留下

keep down 控制 keep off 勿踏,勿踩

keep off sb / sth 不接触或不接近某人/某事物

keep on 继续进行 keep out 不得入内

 

(14)knock短语:

knock at /on 敲打(门、窗等) knock down 把……撞倒,击倒

knock into 撞到,撞上某人,偶然碰见 knock sb out (of sth) 淘汰某人 knock over 撞翻,撞倒

(15)look短语:

look at 看着,注视,检查

look after 照顾,照料,照看 look ahead 向前看,展望未来

look back on… 回顾……,回忆……

look forward to sth /doing sth 盼望,期盼某事物/做某事

look for 寻找,找 look in 来访,参观

look into… 往……里面看,浏览,调查,研究

look (right) into sb's eyes 直视着

look like… 看起来像…… (比较:look the same 看起来像)

look on 旁观,观望

(16)make短语:

make into 制成,作成(后面跟产品,制成品)

[比较:be made in 在……生产/制造

be made of 由……组成/构成,用某种原材料制成(物理变化)

be made from 由……组成/构成,用某种原材料制成(化学变化)

be made up of = consist of 由……组成,由……构成]

make out 理解,看清楚

make up 化妆,打扮,和解,配制,编造,虚构,构成,组成

(17)pass短语:

pass away 去世,死(委婉说法) pass by 通过,从旁边经过

pass down 传下来,流传,使世代相传 ,一代一代传下去

pass on (to sb) 转交给(某人),传给(某人)

pass on from one generation to the next 一代代流传下来

pass out 失去知觉,昏厥 pass through 穿过,越过

pass sth from one to another 把某事物从一人传到另一人手上

pass the examination 通过考试

(18)pay短语:

pay attention to … 对……注意,留心……

(19)pick短语:

pick out 挑选,认出

pick up 拾起,接收,学会(语言),开车去接,康复,购买(便宜商品)

(20)put短语:

put away 将某物收拾起来,存钱,储存,存起来

put down 扑灭,平息,镇压,记下

put forward 提出,建议,推荐 put off 延期,拖延

put on (戏)上演,放(唱片),穿戴 put out 扑灭,熄灭,使……停止燃烧,伸出,出版,生产

put up 挂起,张贴,举起,抬起,搭起,建立

put into 使进入,输入,投入

(21)send短语:

send away 让走开 send for sb 派人去请某人,请某人来

send in 寄送某处进行处理 send out 派遣,发出(信号、通知等)

send up 发射,射出,往上送 send sb to sleep 让某人睡觉

(22)set短语:

set about (doing) sth 着手,开始 set aside 留出,搁/放在一边

set down 放下,记下 set off 出发,起程,引起爆炸,激起,引起

set out (for…) 出发往(……),动身去(……)

set out to do 开始做,着手做 set up 创立,设立,开办,竖起,支起

(23)stand短语:

stand by sb = support sb = take sb's side 支持某人

stand for 代表,表示,象征,容忍,支持/拥护,为……的候选人

stand out 突出,显眼 stand up 起立,站起来

stand still = stay still 站着不动

(24)take短语:

take after 与某人相像 take along 带领,携带

take away 拿走,拿去,使离开

take down 拿下,记下,记录 take for… 当作……,误以为是……

take in 吸收,接纳,上当

take off (飞机)起飞,脱掉(衣帽/鞋),成名,成功,很快上升,开始流行/畅销

take on 呈现 take out 拿出,取出

take over 继承,接管,接替

take up 从事,开始,专注于,占去(时间、空间、地位等)

take place 发生,出现,举行

(25)think短语:

think about 思考,考虑(是否去做)

think of 想到,想起,认为,对……有看法/想法

think out 想出 think over 仔细考虑

think up 提出,想出,设计出

(26)turn短语:

turn against 转而反对,背叛 turn around / round 转身,转过来

turn … away 赶走……,辞退……,把……打发走

turn on 打开(灯,气,水,电器等) turn off 关掉(灯,气,水,电器等)

turn up 把音量开大,卷起,翻起,发生,出现,到达

turn down 关小/调低(音量/热度),拒绝

turn over 把……翻过来,翻动,犁翻(土地),细想

turn in 交进,上缴,归还 turn into 变成

2.以介词或副词为中心的动词短语(便于强化记忆)

2021期末复习高中英语常用短语及句型汇总

 

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(l)动词+about

speak/talk about 谈论

think about 思考

care about 关心,对……有兴趣

bring about 引起,使发生

set about 着手,开始

come about 发生

hear about 听说

worry about 为……担心

(2)动词+back

keep back 隐瞒,忍住

hold back 控制住

give back 归还

call back 回电话

take back 拿回,收回

look back(on) 回顾

(3)动词+down

cut down 削减,砍倒

put down 记下,写下,镇压

take down 记下,记录

turn down 调小,拒绝

slow down 慢下来

pass down 传下来

calm down 平静下来

burn down 烧毁

tear down 拆毁,拆除

come down 下落,传下

break down 坏了,垮了,分解

bring down 使……降低,使倒下

settle down 安家

(4)动词+at

aim at 向……瞄准,旨在

run at 冲向,向……攻击

call at 拜访(地点)

tear at 用力撕

look at 看,注视

work at 干……活动(研究)

come at 向……袭击

shout at 冲(某人)嚷嚷

stare at 凝视

glare at 怒视

glance at 匆匆一瞥

laugh at 嘲笑

knock at 敲(门、窗等)

point at 指向

smile at 冲(某人)笑

strike at 向……打击

shoot at 向……射击

wonder at 惊讶

(5)动词+away

die away 逐渐消失

put away 收拾起来,存起来

pass away 去世

wash away 冲走

take away 拿走

give away 背弃,泄漏

send away 让走开

turn away 把……打发走

wear away 磨掉,消耗

throw away 扔掉

blow away 吹走

carry away 拿走,使入迷

clear away 清除掉,消散

break away 摆脱

(6)动词+from

die from 因……而死

hear from 收到……来信

learn from 向……学习

differ from 与……不同

suffer from 受……苦

result from 由于

separate…from 把……分离开

keep/stop/prevent…from 不让…做

date from=date back to 始于..时期,追溯到

(7)动词+for

run for 竞选

ask for 要求得到

beg for 乞求

wait for 等候

look for 寻找

call for 需要,要求

hunt for 寻找

long for 渴望

care for 关心,喜欢

seek for 寻找

come for 来拿,来取

apply for 申请

stand for 代表,表示

search for 查找

change…for 用……换

charge…for 收费,要价

take…for 误以为……是

hope/wish for 希望得到

(8)动词十in

get in 收获,进入

fill in 填写

cut in 插入

join in 参加

look in 来访,参观

hand in 上交

drop in 拜访

give in 让步

take in 接纳,吸收

call in 召集,来访

bring in 引进,使得到收入

break in 强制进入,插话

result in 导致

succeed in 在……获成功

persist in 坚持

(9)动词十into

run into 碰到

look into 研究,调查,往里面看

burst into 闯入,进发

turn into 变成

change…into 把……变成

divide…into 把……分成

put/translate…into 把……译成

(l0)动词+of

die of 死于

talk of 谈到

hear of 听说

think of 想到

dream of 梦到

speak of 谈到

consist of 由……组成

approve of 赞成

complain of 抱怨

become of 发生……情况,怎么啦

(l1)动词+out

go out 熄灭

set out 出发,着手

try out 试用,试验

put out 扑灭

run out 用完

let out 泄漏,发出(声音)

pick out 选出

hold out 坚持下去

wear out 穿破,使……疲劳

make out 理解,看清楚

keep out(of) 使不进入,挡住

find out 查出,弄明白

work out 算出,想出办法等

send out 发出,派遣

give out 散发,分发,用完

look out 当心,提防

hand out 散发,分发

help out 救助

turn out 结果是,生产

come out 出版,出来

cross out 划掉

burst out 进发

carry out 执行

break out 爆发

point out 指出

figure out 算出

bring out 阐明,使表现出

leave out 省略,删掉

speak out 大胆讲出

(l2)动词+over

go over 审阅,检查,研究

get over 克服

run over 压死,看一遍

take over 接管,接替

turn over 翻倒,细想

fall over 跌倒,摔倒

roll over 翻滚

look over 翻阅,检查

think over 仔细考虑

watch over 看守,照看

(l3)动词十to

add to 增添

get to 到达

see to 处理,料理

turn to 向……求助,查阅

come to 共计,苏醒

lead to 导致,通向

reply to 答复

refer to 谈到,涉及,参阅

bring to 使苏醒

agree to 同意

object to 反对

point to 指向

write to 写信给

relate to 理解,同情,涉及,(与……)有关

attend to 处理

belong to 属于

supply…to 为……提供

devote…to 贡献给

stick/hold/keep to 坚持,忠于

compare…to 与……相比,把……比作

(l4)三词以上的短语动词

do well in 在……干得好

make up for 弥补

look down on / upon 轻视

break away from 摆脱

keep away from 避开,别靠近

do away with 废除

put up with 忍受

catch up with = keep up with 赶上

fill up with 用……装满

go on with 继续

get on / along with 和……相处

look forward to 盼望

look up to 仰望,尊敬

add up to 总计

live up to 依据……行事;做到;不辜负(期望)

get close to 接近

get down to 认真开始

set fire to 放火烧

pay attention to 注意

pay a visit to 访问

take / get / catch hold of 握住

run out of 用完

get out of 逃避,避免

take notice of 注意

take a photo of 拍……照片

take the place of 取代

set an example to 为……树立榜样

 

after all 毕竟,终究 even if = even though 虽然,即使,尽管)as long as 只要as much / many as 多达 as soon as 一……就…… at risk 处于危险中 regard … as… 认为……是accept … as… 认为……是……,承认……是……,把……当作……treat … as…把…… 当作 recognize … as… 认为……是……view / see / know … as… 认为……是…… consider … as … / consider … (to be…) 认为……是……look on … as… 视……为 refer to … as… 把……视为 think of… as… / think … (to be…) 认为……是……]accept sb's apology 接受某人的道歉 accuse sb of sth / doing sth 指控某人为……/ 做某事adapt to (改变以)适应 add to 增加,添加 add …to… 把……加到……上add up 加起来 add up to 总计达到adjust to (调整以)适应 agree on sth 对……达成共识agree to (the plan) 同意(计划等)] aim at 向……瞄准,旨在,针对 appeal to 有吸引力,呼吁,上诉 apply for 申请,请求 apply to 应用,适用 approve of 赞成arrive in / at 到达某地 ask for 要求得到 ask for a day off 请一天假 attach to 加在……之上,使喜爱,使依恋,参加,附着attempt to do sth 试图做某事 attend to 处理,照顾,关照,倾听 attract / draw / call sb's attention 吸引某人注意above all 首要的是,尤其是 according to 根据again and again 一次又一次,一再,反复 ahead of… 优于,超过,比……早,在……的前面 and so on 等等 apart from 除……都,除……以外 on the way = in store 即将来临by the way 顺便说,顺便问一下by way of … 经由,经过, 通过……的方法 in a way = in one way = in some way 在某种程度上in no way 决不, 一点也不in the / sb's way 挡道,妨碍in this / that way 以这种/那种方式,这样/那样in … way = in the way of 以……的方式on the way 在路上,在来/去的行进中out of the way 不挡道find one's way to 设法找到去……的路base on sth 以……为基础(比较:be based on / upon 以……为基础)beg for 乞求 become of 发生……情况,怎么啦believe in 信赖,信任,信仰 (真理,宗教,原则),支持,赞成blow away 吹走 blow out 吹灭build up 逐步建立,增进,增加,加强,扩大burn down 烧毁,烧成平地 burn up 消耗,烧掉 burst into 闯入,突然破门而入burst out (doing ) 迸发出来,突然开始(做) before long 不久以后(比较:long before 很久以前)belong to sb / sth 属于某人/某事 care about 对……感兴趣,关心,担care for 喜欢,关怀,照顾,照料 care for sb to do sth 愿意某人做 care to do sth 愿意做)carry away 拿走,使入迷 carry off 夺走,携走carry on 继续进行,坚持下去 carry on research 进行研究carry out (an experiment / a plan / an order / a survey) 开展或执行(实验/计划/命令/调查)catch / find sb doing sth 发现/发觉某人正在做某事charge… for 收费,要价 check in 登记,报到check out 查明,核查,结帐 clear away 清除掉,消散,清除打扫,整理clear up 打扫卫生,梳理整齐,(天气)放晴,露出喜悦的表情compete in 参加(竞赛) compete with… 与……竞争/比赛 complain of 抱怨…… connect to 连接,相连 contribute to 有利于,贡献,捐款给,为……投稿deal with = do with 处理,解决,对付depend on / upon = rely on / upon 依靠,依赖,信赖,靠……来决定die away 逐渐消失,减弱(以至感觉不到),淡化die down 逐渐降低,减弱,消失,平息die off 一一死去,先后死去 die out = become extinct 灭绝,绝迹,消失dig up 挖出,掘起 divide up 分配 dress up 化装打扮,乔装打扮 drive off 击退, 把(车)开走 drop by 访问,拜访 drop in 顺便走访,拜访 drop off 放下(某物),下车 escape from 免于/逃脱……,从……泄露出except for 除了……之外 exist in 存在于…… face to face 面对面 (比较:hand in hand 手拉手,密切关联) fall into 陷入,落入 fall off 跌落,下降fall over 跌倒,摔倒 fall to / into pieces 垮台,崩溃,解体,倒塌far away 遥远,很远 far from… 远离……feed … on 喂养,饲养(比较:feed on / upon … 以……为食) feel down 感到闷闷不乐 feel like doing sth 想做某事fight against 与……作斗争/打架/打仗 fight for sth 为……而斗争,争取获得某事物 fight over 为……而战,因……而争吵/争斗fight with 与……并肩作战figure out 理解,想明白,算出 fill out 把……填好 fix up 搭起,安装,修理,修补 glance at 匆匆一瞥 glare at 怒视 graduate from… 毕业于…… hand in 交上去,提出,面交 hand out 散发,分发,发放 hang out (俚语)闲逛hang on 等一等,别挂电话 hang up 挂断电话hurry up 赶快,快点 Hands up. 举起手来。in a word 总之,简言之,一句话in debt 欠债 in detail 详细地 in order to do = so as to do 以便,为了,为的是(so as to do不置于句首)in return 作为回报 (比较:in turn 转而,反过来,轮流)空)in ruins 成为废墟 in tears 哭泣,掉泪in case 万一,以免 in search of 寻找 in view of 鉴于,考虑到,由于 in the past = in the old days 在过去 instead of… 代替……,而不是……,作为……的替换(比较:rather than 而不是)insist on sth / doing sth 坚持某事/坚持做某事 intend to do sth 打算做某事 intend sth for … 把某物供给……用join in 参加,加入 join up 联合起来 join the line 排队 judge sb by sth 依据某事物判断某人,断定,认为(比较:be judged by 靠……来判断)lead sb to do sth = cause sb to do sth 使某人做某事lead to = result in 通往,导致 leave out 省略,删掉,不考虑 less than 少于,不足 let down 不支持,使失望,使沮丧let in 放进,让……进来 let out 放掉,泄露,发出(声音)limit … to … 把……限制在…… major in 主修,专研 match …with … 把……和……相配mix …with … 把……和……混合 mobile phone 可移动电话no doubt 无疑地no longer / more = not…any longer / more 不再,已不not later than 不迟于 not …till / until… 直到……才…… now that 既然 obey / break the rules 遵守/违反规定 object to 反对 occur to sb 使某人突然想到on the contrary 相反地,反之on (the) one hand…, on the other hand … 一方面, 另一方面opposite to 在……对面or so 大约,……左右 ought to 应当,应该pull down 拆毁,拆除,摧毁,推翻 pull on 随便穿上push open 推开 push (sth) over (使车船等)闪到一边reach out (to sth) 伸出手以触到或抓到、拿到某recommend … to sb 向某人推荐…… refer to 提到,查询,参阅,指的是,谈到,涉及,有关remind sb of sth 使某人想起某事 reply to 答复 respond to 回应,反映,响应 result in 产生某种作用或结果,导致run off 跑掉,迅速离开 run out of sth 用完…… [比较:(sth) run out 耗尽,用光,用完]run over 压死,看一遍,跑过去 rush out 冲出去 rush through 掠过,快速通过seek for 寻找 sell out 卖完,出卖 serve as 作为,当作 settle for 勉强同意,接受 show up 出席,露面 stare at 凝视,盯着看 stick to 粘住,坚持,忠于 stick with 继续支持,保持联系struggle against… 同……做斗争 suffer from… 受……苦 tend to 趋于,朝某方向 throw at 向……扔去 throw away 扔掉 throw up 吐出(事物),呕吐 tie … up 系,栓,捆 tie up (one's hair) = do up (one's hair) (头发)扎起来 tire out 筋疲力尽 trust (in) = have trust in = rely on 信赖,信任try out 试验,尝试,试用 up and down 来回,上上下下,来来往往up to date 现代的,时新的,据目前所知的 use up…. 用完……,用尽……work on … 继续工作,从事于……,忙于……,不断做……work out 算出,解决,想出(办法),制定(计划),结局,至最后work with … 对……起作用 would rather 宁愿,宁可

 

 

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