一、阅读理解

A

（2020. ）"Our aim is to take our art to the world and make people understand what it is to move," said David Belle, the founder of parkour.

Do you love running? It is a good exercise, yet many people find it boring. But what if making your morning jog a creative one? Like jumping from walls and over gaps, and ground rolls? Just like James Bond in the movie Casino Royale? Bond jumps down from a roof to a windowsill and then runs several blocks over obstacles on the way. It is just because of Bond's wonderful performances that the sport has become popular worldwide.

Yes, that's parkour, an extreme street sport aimed at moving from one point to another as quickly as possible, getting over all the barriers in the path using only the abilities of the human body. Parkour is considered an extreme sport. As its participants dash around a city, they may jump over fences, run up walls and even move from rooftop to rooftop.

Parkour can be just as exciting and charming as it sounds, but its participants see parkour much more than that.

Overcoming all the obstacles on the course and in life is part of the philosophy behind parkour. This is the same as life. You must determine your destination, go straight, jump over all the barriers as if in parkour and never fall back in your life, to reach the destination successfully. A parkour lover said, "I love parkour because its philosophy has become my life, my way to do everything."

Another philosophy we've learnt from parkour is freedom. It can be done by anyone, at any time, anywhere in the world. It is a kind of expression of trust in yourself.

1. Parkour has become popular throughout the world because of .

A. its founder, David Belle B. the varieties of participants

C. its risks and tricks D. the film, Casino Royale

2. The underlined word "obstacles" in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to " ".

A. streets B. objects

C. roofs D. barriers

3. Which of the following is the philosophy of parkour?

A. Sports and extremes. B. Determination and freedom.

C. Dreams and success. D. Excitement and popularity.

4. Which of the following is true of parkour?

A. It is a team sport. B. It is a good but boring sport.

C. It needs special training. D. It challenges human abilities.

【答案解析】

4. D 5. D 6. B 7. D

【分析】

本文是说明文。介绍了跑酷运动的起源、特点和此运动蕴含的哲理。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段Just like James Bond in the movie Casino Royale? Bond jumps down from a roof to a windowsill and then runs several blocks over obstacles on the way. It is just because of Bond's wonderful performances that the sport has become popular worldwide.可知因为James Bond在电影Casino Royale中的精彩跑酷表演使得这项运动在全世界流行，故选D。

【2题详解】

猜测词义题。根据第三段对跑酷的介绍that's parkour, an extreme street sport aimed at moving from one point to another as quickly as possible, getting over all the barriers in the path using only the abilities of the human body.可知跑酷的目的是尽可能快地从一个地方移动到另一个地方，利用人体的能力越过道路上的所有障碍。画线部分over obstacles on the way.与getting over all the barriers in the path意思一致，指跨越路上的障碍。obstacles与barriers同义，故选D。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据第五段Overcoming all the obstacles on the course and in life is part of the philosophy behind parkour. This is the same as life. You must determine your destination, go straight, jump over all the barriers可知跑酷蕴含的哲理是决心。第六段Another philosophy we've learnt from parkour is freedom.可知蕴含的另一个哲理是自由。故选B。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段Parkour is considered an extreme sport.第四段Parkour can be just as exciting and charming as it sounds.可知跑酷是极限运动，像听起来那样刺激和迷人。由此可知它挑战人类的能力。故选D。

【点睛】细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：

1.读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。

2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如for example, first, second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。

3.将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如小题1根据第一段Just like James Bond in the movie Casino Royale? Bond jumps down from a roof to a windowsill and then runs several blocks over obstacles on the way. It is just because of Bond's wonderful performances that the sport has become popular worldwide.可知因为James Bond在电影Casino Royale中的精彩跑酷表演使得这项运动在全世界流行。

B

（2020. ）Years ago, I was so confident, and so naive(幼稚的). I was so sure that I was right and everyone else was wrong.

Unfortunately I was lucky and got successful, so that kept me blind to my weak points. I sold my company, felt ready to do something new, and started to learn. But the more I learned, the more I realized how little I knew and how lucky I had been.

I'd start to make things, but then saw how stupid I was, so I stpped. I lost all confidence. I spent a few years completely stuck.

Finally, some new ideas helped:

Learning without doing is wasted. If I don't use what I learn, then it is pointless! How terrible to waste hundreds of hours spent learning, and not turn them into action. Like throwing good food in the trash: it's wrong.

This isn't about me. How I feel in this moment doesn't matter－it will pass. Nobody is judging me, because nobody is thinking of me. They are just looking for things to improve their own life. The public me is not the real me anyway, so if they judge my public personality, that's fine.

The work is the point, and my work is special. If I can do something that people find useful, then I should. It doesn't matter if it's a masterpiece or not, as long as I enjoy it.

So I'm glad my old confidence is gone. Now I aim(以……为目标)to make my work my little contribution to the world－just special and useful.

1. I lost all my confidence when______

A. I got successful in my career.

B. I Learned more than before.

C. I sold my company.

D. I realized I knew little.

2. According to the passage, the author prefer______

A. learning by using.

B. learning is wasting time.

C. learning by spending hours.

D. learning is pointless.

3. Why does the author think his work is special?

A. Because he is a unique person in his company.

B. Because he can gain confidence by helping others.

C. Because his aim is to be special in the world.

D. Because his old confidence is gone.

【答案解析】

1. D 2. A 3. B

本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者在意识到自己知之甚少时而失去了所有的信心，然而一些新的想法让作者改变了态度，那就是学而不用是浪费，要在实践中学习，并且找到了自己新的定位和目标。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段的But the more I learned, the more I realized how little I knew and how lucky I had been.（但我学得越多，就越意识到我知道的太少）和第三段的…, but then saw how stupid I was, so I stopped.（后来发现我有多笨，所以我就停了下来）可知，当作者意识到我所知甚少时，我失去了所有的信心。故选D。

【2题详解】

推理判断题。根据第五段的How terrible to waste hundreds of hours spent learning, and not turn them into action.（浪费数百个小时的学习，却不付诸行动，这是多么可怕啊!）可知，作者更喜欢通过实践中学习，故选A。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的If I can do something that people find useful, then I should.（如果我能做一些人们觉得有用的事情，那么我就应该去做）可知，作者认为他的作品很特别的原因是他可以通过帮助别人来获得自信。故选B。

C

（2020. 辽宁省本溪市高级中学高二9月考）It is increasingly popular for Chinese young people to share their experiences on Social media, such as the "moments" (朋友圈) on popular instant messaging service WeChat.

"I have been reading 'Jane Eyre' for 40 days with 48,000 words finished," Li Anqi said. Li has been sharing her reading experience on WeChat moments every day since January. Working in Yinchuan, capital of Northwest China's Ningxia, Li wants to learn English very much, but cannot bare (摆脱) the daily grind (日常工作) of school lessons.

"I found many of my WeChat friends had been reading books or learning English on mobile reading apps, and I did not want to fall behind," Li said.

In January, she spent more than 100 yuan purchasing an online reading class at the Bohe Reading app, which tells customers they can: "Finish reading your first English book here." At the reading class, teachers assign reading homework and give instructions to 430 class members every day.

A survey report released (发布) on Thursday said 70.9 percent of primary and middle students in China use the Wechat instant messaging App. At the same time, 75.9 percent of Chinese children have their own mobile phones, according to China National Children's Center.

The figures were based on a survey of nearly 9,000 children across China. However, 28.8 percent of them never read news online and 43.2 percent have never touched newspapers.

The Center called for efforts to address the digital divide between urban and rural education and protect children's privacy as Internet users.

1. In the second paragraph, Jane Eyre is _________.

A. a book B. an advertisement

C. a piece of news D. a film

2. What is Li Anqi?

A. A worker. B. A doctor.

C. A teacher. D. An actress.

3. What percentage of Chinese children have their own mobile phones?

A. 70.9 percent. B. 75.9 percent.

C. 43.2 percent. D. 28.8 percent.

4. Why is Li Anqi taken as an example?

A. To call for us to be a good reader.

B. To tell us to study English on the Internet.

C. To advise us to take an online English reading course like her.

D. To suggest that experience-sharing on social media is getting more and more popular in China.

【答案解析】

1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D

【分析】

本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过李安琪的例子，表明社交媒体上的经验分享在中国越来越受欢迎。

【1题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段中"I have been reading 'Jane Eyre' for 40 days with 48,000 words finished,"可知，Jane Eyre是一本书。故选A。

【2题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段中Working in Yinchuan, capital of Northwest China's Ningxia, Li wants to learn English very much, but cannot bare (摆脱) the daily grind (日常工作) of school lessons.可知，Li Anqi是一位老师。故选C。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据第五段中At the same time, 75.9 percent of Chinese children have their own mobile phones,可知，与此同时，75.9%的中国儿童拥有自己的手机。故选B。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段It is increasingly popular for Chinese young people to share their experiences on Social media, such as the "moments" (朋友圈) on popular instant messaging service WeChat.可知，以李安琪为例是为了表明社交媒体上的经验分享在中国越来越受欢迎。故选D。

【点睛】做推理判断题时，要求考生在阅读时，要抓住文章的主题和细节，分析文章结构，根据上下文内在联系，挖掘文章的深层含义。在进行推理时，考生一定要仔细阅读短文，千万不可脱离原文而仅凭个人的看法，主观臆断。本题第4小题，要求考生在阅读时，要抓住文章的主题和细节，分析文章结构，根据上下文内在联系，挖掘文章的深层含义。在进行推理时，考生一定要仔细阅读短文，千万不可脱离原文而仅凭个人的看法，主观臆断。

D

（2020. 辽宁省本溪市高级中学、盘锦市高级中学高二期中）I didn't understand the irony (讽刺) immediately. Only on the way home. The book I had just returned to our local library was called "Unquiet Landscape" by Christopher Neve. He widened my view.

But the ironic word for me in his books title. Irealized, was "unquiet". It applied not to the landscape but to our local library. I have thus visited it again since then, and my conclusion is much the same: This is no longer a quiet place.

On both of my visits the library was packed with small children, and they were doing rather a lot of small-children things, such as dancing in circles, singing, jumping up and down, and so on. Various adults sitting around were clearly not discouraging them, rather the opposite.

I wasn't exactly shocked. But I have to say that my understanding of library behavior and purpose changed somewhat. All my upbringing (教养) about libraries was what they were sanctums(圣地), places of escape in a noisy world. If one clearedone's throat in a library, one was likely to be stared at by the librarians not to mention tolerating the disapproval of fellow library users enjoying their post-lunch nap. The first school I attended had a library that was entirely conventional infunction. In it, we boys did (or were expected to do) one thing only: read. The second school i attended allowed one to write as well as read in the library.

Since those days, my attitude, I hope, has changed a little. I've come across some very pleasant librarians eager to help with my projects. Some of them are surprisingly generous with providing access to their books, which are as dear to them as their own children. And the silence rule has, over the years, become much less strict. Even quite loud laughter, I find, is not always opposed to.

1. What did the author do after finishing the book?

A. He visited the lands mentioned in the book.

B. He expressed his admiration to the book winter.

C. He kept his habit of staying quiet in the library.

D. He made a close observation of the local library.

2. What did the author find out about the adults in the library?

A. They made lots of noise.

B. They were soft with the kids.

C. They didn't listen to the librarians.

D. They couldn't stop their kids bad behavior.

3. What's the author's attitude to librarians nowadays?

A. Positive. B. Disappointed.

C. Unconcerned. D. Worried.

【答案解析】

1. D 2. B 3. A

本文是夹叙夹议文。讲述了作者在读了克里斯托弗写的《不再安静的风景》这本书后，进一步去探索当地的图书馆，作者发现不受传统规则束缚的图书馆给自己带来更好的体验。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据But the ironic word for me in his books title. I realized, was "unquiet". It applied not to the landscape but to our local library. I have thus visited it again since then, and my conclusion is much the same: This is no longer a quiet place.得知作者在读完书后对当地图书馆进一步去了解。故选D项。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段they were doing rather a lot of small-children things, such as dancing in circles, singing, jumping up and down, and so on. Various adults sitting around were clearly not discouraging them, rather the opposite.得知在图书馆孩子们唱跳，上下蹦，大人们坐在旁边并没有进行制止，说明大人们对孩子很温柔。故选B项。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段Since those days, my attitude, I hope, has changed a little. I've come across some very pleasant librarians eager to help with my projects.得知作者对图书馆的态度改变了，是积极的。故选A项。

二、七选五阅读

（2020. 安徽省蚌埠市第二中学高二期中）There are always a lot of pressures in life: appointments you are late for, health and financial worries and so on. ____1___. Under such pressure, your child came in: He'd lost his sneakers, and suddenly remembered that he needed a new notebook for school, or he was teasing his little sister.

In your peaceful moments, you could probably have handled any parenting challenge much better from a state of calm. ____2____. How could this kid be so irresponsible, inconsiderate, ungrateful or even mean? So you scolded your child angrily. The whole process only took a few seconds.

If your young child does not seem afraid of your anger, it shows that your child has seen too much of it and has developed defenses against it. The more often you get angry, the more prepared for it your child will be. ____3___. In the end, your child is more likely to be open to the influences of his peer group. That means you have some repair work to do.

Sometimes your child gets angry too, so it's a double gift for you to find constructive ways to deal with your anger: Not only do you not hurt your child, but you also offer your child a role model. ____4____. So the best way is not to yell out. Stop and calm yourself down. Take a deep breath. ____5____. If you really need to scream, go into your car with the windows rolled up and scream where no one can hear, but don't use words.

A. The list is endless

B. Anger is scary enough

C. That deep breath is your pause button

D. How you handle your anger teaches your child a lot

E. There are some parents who never get angry at their children

F. And the less likely your child will want to behave to please you

G. But in the storm of your anger

you might feel it was your right as parents to be angry

【答案解析】

1. A 2. G 3. F 4. D 5. C

这是一篇说明文。文章探讨了在生活压力之下为何更需要控制愤怒及如何释放压力来保持冷静。

【1题详解】

上文列出了生活中存在的各种压力，承接上文，A选项是对各种压力的总结，这样的例子不胜枚举，选项中的list与上文呼应，故选A。

【2题详解】

根据上文In your peaceful moments, you could probably have handled any parenting challenge much better from a state of calm.可知，在你平心静气时，你可以更好地应对任何养育子女的挑战，G项：But in the storm of your anger, you might feel it was your right as parents to be angry(但是在你愤怒的风暴中，你可能会觉得作为父母生气是你的权利)与上文进行对比，故选G。

【3题详解】

根据上文The more often you get angry, the more prepared for it your child will be.，用了the more, the more句型，选项F中的the less likely与此呼应，上文是原因，选项F是结果，"你越是经常发火，孩子就越要对你的发火有所准备，结果孩子就越不可能表现得讨你喜欢"，故选F。

【4题详解】

根据上文but you also offer your child a role model.中的role model，与选项D中的teaches呼应，下文So the best way is not to yell out.，so是结果，选项D解释了为什么最好的方法是不要大呼小叫，故选D。

【5题详解】

根据上文0Take a deep breath.，选项C中词汇复现，C选项解释为什么要深呼吸，"它是你的暂停按钮"，故选C。

三、完型填空

（2020. 北京市北京师范大学附中高二期中）I lost my sight when I was four years old by falling off a box car in a freight（货物）yard in Atlantic City and landing on my head. Now I am thirty-two. I can still___1___the brightness of sunshine. It would be___2___to see again, but a___3___can do strange things to people. I don't mean that I would prefer to go without my eyes. I simply mean that the___4___of them made me___5___more what I had.

Life, I believe, asks a continuous series of adjustments to reality. The more quickly a person is able to make these adjustments, the more___6___his own private world becomes. The adjustment is never___7___I was totally confused and afraid. But I was lucky. My parents and my teachers saw something in me—the___8___to live—which I didn't see, and they made me want to___9___against blindness.

The hardest____10____I had to learn was to believe in myself. I am not talking about simply the kind of____11____that helps me down an unfamiliar staircase alone. That is part of it. But I mean something bigger than that: the confidence that I am, despite being imperfect, a real,____12____person; that there is a special place where I can make myself fit.

It took me years to discover and____13____this confidence. It had to start with the simplest things. Once a man gave me an indoor baseball. I thought he was making fun of me and I was hurt. "I can't use this." I said. "Take it with you," he____14____me, "and roll it around." The words____15____in my head. "Roll it around!" By rolling the ball I could hear where it went. This gave me an idea how to achieve a goal I had thought____16____: playing baseball. At Philadelphia's Overbrook School for the Blind I____17____a successful variation of baseball and I called it ground ball.

All my life I have set ahead of me a series of goals and then tried to reach them, one at a time. I had to be clear about my____18____It was no good trying for something that I knew at the start was wildly out of reach____19____that only invited the bitterness of failure. I would____20____sometimes anyway but on the average I made progress.

1. A. remember B. affect C. measure D. bring

2. A. possible B. wonderful C. hopeful D. reasonable

3. A. question B. mistake C. disaster D. situation

4. A. importance B. value C. loss D. attention

5. A. record B. expect C. offer D. appreciate

6. A. natural B. modern C. meaningful D. challenging

7. A. necessary B. easy C. difficult D. practical

8. A. right B. plan C. place D. potential

9. A. guard B. hit C. argue D. fight

10. A. game B. skill C. lesson D. knowledge

11. A. self-control B. self-confidence C. self-defense D. self-improvement

12. A. modest B. energetic C. generous D. positive

13. A. strengthen B. express C. share D. destroy

14. A. urged B. blamed C. respected D. admired

15. A. held B. stuck C. bothered D. knocked

16. A. important B. specific C. common D. impossible

17. A. invented B. confirmed C. checked D. noticed

18. A. interest B. limitation C. experience D. responsibility

19. A. once B. unless C. because D. though

20. A. fail B. try C. act D. continue

【答案解析】

1. A 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. D 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. D 10. C 11. B 12. D 13. A 14. A 15. B 16. D 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. A

这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文讲述了灾难挫折是如何成就一个人的。作者在年幼时失明，在经历了多年的彷徨无助之后，终于在亲人朋友的帮助下，找回了自信，学会了如何面对困难，并且在纷杂的社会中找到了自己的一席之地，实现了自己一个又一个的梦想。

【1题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还记得阳光是多么灿烂。A. remember记得；B. affect影响； C. measure估量；D. bring带来。由"Now I am thirty-two"可知，作者四岁失明，现在32岁了，但还是记得阳光是多么灿烂。故选A。

【2题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：能恢复视觉固然好，但灾难也能对人产生奇妙的作用。A. possible可能的；B. wonderful极好的；C. hopeful 有希望的；D. reasonable合理的。由"see again "可知，能恢复视觉固然好。故选B。

【3题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：能恢复视觉固然好，但灾难也能对人产生奇妙的作用。A. question问题；B. mistake错误；C. disaster灾难；D. situation情况。作者失明了，这对作者来说是一场灾难，但灾难也能对人产生奇妙的作用。故选C。

【4题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：失去视力使我更加珍惜自己其他的能力。A. importance重要性；B. value价值；C. loss损失；D. attention注意。由"I lost my sight when I was four years old"可知，作者失明了。故选C。

【5题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：失去视力使我更加珍惜自己其他的能力。A. record 记录；B. expect期望；C. offer提供；D. appreciate 重视。作者失明了，但更加珍惜自己其他的能力，这有助于作者完成自己的梦想。 故选D。

【6题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人愈能及时地进行调整，他的个人世界便愈有意义。A. natural 自然的；B. modern现代的；C. meaningful 有意义的；D. challenging挑战的。由"The more quickly a person is able to make these adjustments"可知，人愈能及时地进行调整，他的个人世界便愈有意义。故选C。

【7题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：调整决非易事。A. necessary必需的；B. easy容易的；C. difficult困难的；D. practical实际的。由"I was totally confused and afraid "可知，作者很困惑，很害怕。所以对作者调整绝非易事。故选B。

【8题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：父母和老师在我身上发现了某种东西——可以称之为活下去的潜力吧——而我自己却没有发现。他们激励我誓与失明拼搏到底。A. right权利；B. plan计划；C. place地方；D. potential潜能。由"which I didn't see"可知，作者自己没有发现的就是自己的活下去的潜力。选D。

【9题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：父母和老师在我身上发现了某种东西——可以称之为活下去的潜力吧——而我自己却没有发现。他们激励我誓与失明拼搏到底。A. guard 保卫；B. hit打击；C. argue争论；D. fight打架。父母和老师在我身上发现了某种东西——可以称之为活下去的潜力，所以他们激励作者誓与失明拼搏到底。此处fight against是短语"为反对……而战"，故选D。

【10题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：我必须学会的艰难的一课就是相信自己。A. game 游戏；B. skill技能；C. lesson课，教训；D. knowledge知识。相信自己是一个过程，也是作者必须学会的艰难的一课。故选C。

【11题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：相信自己并不仅仅指支持我独自走下陌生的楼梯的那种自信，那是一部分。A. self-control自我控制；B. self-confidence自信；C. self-defense自我保护D. self-improvement自我提高。由"I mean something bigger than that: the confidence that I am"可知，相信自己并不仅仅指支持作者独自走下陌生的楼梯的那种自信。故选B。

【12题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我指的是大事：是坚信自己虽然有缺陷，却是一个真正的有进取心的人；坚信在芸芸众生错综复杂的格局当中，自有我可以安身立命的一席之地。A. modest 谦虚的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. generous慷慨的；D. positive积极的。由"despite being imperfect "可知，虽然作者有缺陷，但却是一个真正的有进取心的人。故选D。

【13题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：我花了很长时间才树立并不断加强这一信念。A. strengthen 加强，巩固；B. express表达；C. share 分享；D. destroy破坏。由"It took me years to discover "可知，作者花了很长时间才树立并不断加强这一信念。选A。

【14题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意："你拿去，"他竭力劝我，"在地上滚。"A. urged催促，力劝；B. blamed责备；C. respected尊敬；D. admired钦佩。别人扔给作者一个棒球，作者说不会玩，然后对方劝作者"把球四处滚动"。故选A。

【15题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的话在我脑子里生了根。A. held 握住；B. stuck把……插在；C. bothered打扰；D. knocked敲。由"This gave me an idea how to achieve a goal"可知，他的话在作者脑子里生了根，所以决定去实现曾认为不可能达到的目标。故选B。

【16题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我马上想到一个我曾认为不可能达到的目标：打棒球。A. important重要的；B. specific特殊的；C. common普通的；D. impossible不可能的。作者是个盲人，且要打棒球。这在作者心里是不可能完成的。故选D。

【17题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：在费城的奥弗布鲁克盲人学校，我发明了一种很受人欢迎的棒球游戏，我们称它为地面球。A. invented 发明；B. confirmed证实；C. checked检查；D. noticed注意。由" I called it ground ball"可知，作者成功发明了一种变化式棒球。故选A。

【18题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不断给自己提出目标并努力去实现，但我必须清楚我的限制。A. interest 兴趣；B. limitation限制；C. experience经历；D. responsibility责任。作者是个盲人，虽然不断给自己提出目标并努力去实现，但也要清楚失明使自己的局限。故选B。

【19题详解】

考查连词词义辨析。句意：若开始就知道某个目标根本达不到却硬要去实现，那不会有任何好处，因为那只会带来失败的苦果。A. once 一旦；B. unless除非；C. because因为；D. though尽管。分析句意可知，前后表示因果关系。故选C。

【20题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：我有时也失败过，但一般来说总有进步。A. fail 失败；B. try 尝试；C. act扮演；D. continue继续。由"but on the average I made progress"可知，make progress与fail相对应。故选A。

四、语法填空

（2020. 湖北省荆门市高二期末）My dear grandson, your mother tells me that you ____1____(start) smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult ____2____(give) it up. By the way, did you know that this is ___3___ you become addicted in three different ways?

Firstly, you can become physically addicted to nicotine, ____4____ is one of the hundreds of harmful chemicals in ____5____(cigarette). This means that ____6____(accustom) to having nicotine in it, you feel good. But when the drug leaves your body, you get withdrawal symptoms. I remember ____7____(feel) bad-tempered and sometimes even more pain.

Secondly, you become addicted ____8____ habit. As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically. Lastly, you can become ____9____(mental) addicted. I believed I was _____10_____(happy) and more relaxed after having a cigarette, so I began to think that I could only feel good when I smoked. I was addicted in all three ways, so it was very difficult to quit. But I did finally manage.

【答案解析】

1. started

2. to give

3. because

4. which

5. cigarettes

6. accustomed

7. feeling

8. through

9. mentally

10. happier

【分析】

本文为封书信。在信中作者主要分析了烟瘾很难戒除的原因并给孙子一些戒烟的建议和鼓励。

【1题详解】

考查动词时态。句意：我亲爱的孙子，你妈妈告诉我，你不久前开始吸烟，现在发现很难戒掉。根据其后的时间状语some time ago可知，"开始吸烟"是在一段时间以前，宾语从句中主语为you，此处用谓语形式，应用过去式，故填started。

【2题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：我亲爱的孙子，你妈妈告诉我，你不久前开始吸烟，现在发现很难戒掉。分析句子结构可知，此句用"find + it + 形容词 +不定式"结构，find后的it为形式宾语，不定式作真正宾语，填to give。

【3题详解】

考查表语从句。上文指出孙子吸烟上瘾很难戒掉，通读第二三段可知，下文罗列了三个吸烟让人成瘾的方面原因，且本句中缺少关联词引导表语从句，故此处应用表原因的连接副词，故填because。

【4题详解】

考查非限制性定语从句。句意：首先，你会在身体上对尼古丁上瘾，它是香烟中数百种有害化学物质之一。分析句子结构可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为nicotine，指物，关系词在定语从句中做主语，应使用关系代词which引导，故填which。

【5题详解】

考查名词复数。所给提示词cigarette为可数名词，根据上下文可知，此处为泛指，前无冠词及限定词，应用复数形式，故填cigarettes。

【6题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：这意味着习惯了尼古丁，你会感觉很好。固定短语accustom to意为"使习惯于……"，动词accustom与主语you之间为被动关系，此处做状语，应用过去分词形式，故填 accustomed。

【7题详解】

考查动名词作宾语。句意：我记得当时心情很坏，有时甚至更痛苦。在动词remember之后，表示"记得（已经）做过了（的事情）"，根据上下文可知，此处用动名词形式，故填feeling。

【8题详解】

考查介词。句意：其次，你会通过习惯而上瘾。正如你所知道的，如果你一遍又一遍地做同样的事情，你就会开始自动地去做。由其后的名词habit可知，此处用介词短语作状语，根据语义可知，through为介词，意为"通过，经由"，故填through。

【9题详解】

考查副词作状语。句意：最后，你可能会在心理上成瘾。修饰动词be addicted应用副词形式，故填mentally。

【10题详解】

考察形容词比较级。句意：我相信我在吸了一支烟之后会更快乐，更放松，所以我开始认为我只有在吸烟的时候才会感觉良好。分析句子结构可知，此处应用比较级形式与其后的more relaxed用and连接，构成并列表语，故填happier。

【点睛】小题7考查remember后跟动名词形式作宾语。remember后既可跟to do又可跟doing形式，这是常考点也是易混点，其区别为：

1）remember to do记着（即将）要做…（还没有做的事情）

e.g.remember to buy a magazine记得要买本杂志（意指现在还没有买）；

2）remember doing记得已经做过了…（已经做了的事情）

e.g.remember buying a magazine记得已经买过杂志了。

与其类使用类似结构的词还有forget，stop，try等。

五、短文改错

（2020. 湖北省宜昌市葛洲坝中学高二期中）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Nowadays there was a kind of language called Web language. Some people even speak Chinese mixed in English words. This is a phenomenon which is worth think about. Some people think it will ruin a Chinese language. However, the others, especially the youngsters, are fond this new language. They think it of special help in expressing them. What's more, it may make the language having more uses. In my opinion, it's no good using this kind of language. It may be popular, but you may also get others puzzling. It is hard to say whether it is good or not, but there is going to have a discussion about it tomorrow.

【答案解析】

Nowadays there was a kind of language called Web language. Some people even speak

is

Chinese mixed in English words. This is a phenomenon which is worth think about. Some people

with thinking

think it will ruin a Chinese language. However, the others, especially the youngsters, are fond∧ this

the the of

new language. They think it of special help in expressing them. What's more, it may make the

themselves

language having more uses. In my opinion, it's no good using this kind of language. It may be

have

popular, but you may also get others puzzling. It is hard to say whether it is good or not, but there is

puzzled

going to have a discussion about it tomorrow.

be

【分析】

本文是一篇议论文。有人喜欢使用网络语言，有时讲汉语时还夹杂着英语。有人认为这没有好处， 但是年轻人，喜欢这种新语言。一次关于网络语言是否有好处的讨论即将开始。

【详解】1. 考查时态。根据时间状语nowadays判断句子用一般现在时。故将was改为is。

2. 考查固定搭配。句意：有些人甚至会在讲中文的时候混用英文单词。be mixed with是一个固定搭配，意为"与混淆、混合"。原句用定语从句完整表达是这样的：Some people even speak Chinese （which/that is）mixed with English.括号中的内容可以省，直接用过去分词做后置定语。故将in改为with。

3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这是一个值得思考的现象。be worth doing，意为"值得做某事"，故将think改为thinking。

4. 考查冠词。句意：有人认为这会毁掉中文。表示某种语言一般有两种方式：可以用专有名词直接表达，也可以用"the + 相应形容词 + language"来表达。如：英语：English = the English language；法语：French = the French language 。表示汉语应使用the Chinese language，故将a改为the。

5. 考查代词。句意：有人认为这会毁掉中文。 但是，其他人，尤其是年轻人，都喜欢这种新语言。someothers 表示一些人……另外一些人…。somethe others 表示一些人……其他所有人…。前者others是剩下的人中的一部分,后者the others是剩下的人的全部，结合句意，故将the去掉。

6. 考查固定搭配。句意：但是，其他人，尤其是年轻人，很喜欢这种新语言。be fond of意为"喜欢；爱好"，为固定搭配，故在are fond后加of。

7. 考查代词。句意：他们认为这对表达他们自己的观点有特殊的帮助。 此处express oneself意为"表达某人的观点"。故将them改为themselves。

8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，这可能会使汉语具有更多用途。make sb do意为"使某人做某事"，故将having改为have。

9. 考查分词。句意：网络语言可能很流行，但你可能会让其他人感到困惑。puzzling意为"令人困惑的"，用于修饰物；puzzled意为"困惑的"，用于修饰人。此处分词修饰宾语others，应用puzzled，故将puzzling改为puzzled。

10. 考查固定句型。句意：很难说网络语言是否有好处，不过明天将要有一场关于它的讨论。there be句型…意为"在某地有……"，have表示"某人拥有某物"，故将have改为be。

【点睛】一说到"有"，很多人就会想到 have ，所以会出现"there have"这样的错误表达。关键是汉语中的"有"的多重含义：我有个妹妹，表示拥有；桌子下有只猫，表示存在；表示拥有，使用"have"；表示存在，使用 there be。have 表示拥有，主语往往是人，例如：Do you have a soccer ball? 你有个足球吗？表示拥有，还可使用 have got：I've got a dog whose name is Sam. 我有一只叫山姆的狗。

此句子表示 "明天将要有一场关于网络语言的讨论。"表示存在，不表示某人拥有，故将have改为be。

六、书面表达

（2020. 天津市静海区独流中学高二月考）假设你是天津某中学高二年级的学生李津。你校正在讨论是否应该骑自行车上学。请你围绕这一论题，根据以下要点用英语写一封倡议书，号召尽可能多的同学骑自行车上学。

要点：1. 建议骑自行车上学；

2. 自行车是学生常用交通工具；

3. 骑自行车的一些好处；

4. 骑自行车需要注意的问题。

注意：1. 词数： 不少于100字，开头和结束语已经

你写好（不计入总词数）；

2. 可以根据要点适当增加细节， 使行文连贯。

Dear schoolmates,

Recently, a debate concerning whether we should cycle to school or not has appeared in our school.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Don't hesitate everybody. Let's ride to school.

Li Jin

From Class 1 Grade 1

【答案解析】

Dear schoolmates,

Recently, a debate concerning whether we should cycle to school or not has appeared in our school.

As far as I am concerned, we should ride to and from school. Firstly, riding a bicycle to and from school is very common among the students, for buying or repairing a bicycle doesn't cost a lot. Next, parking a bicycle is easy and convenient in our school, no matter how busy the traffic could be. Actually, bicycle-riding is also a practical way to do exercise and protect the environment. What you should do carefully is just to keep an appropriate speed while riding and lock it after you are off it. In this way, you feel it simple and relaxing to ride a bicycle.

Don't hesitate, everybody. Let's ride to school.

Li Jin

From Class 1 Grade 1

【分析】

这是一篇应用文。用英语写一封倡议书，号召尽可能多的同学骑自行车上学。

【详解】第一步：审题

体裁：应用文

时态：根据提示，时态应以一般现在时为主。。

要求：1. 建议骑自行车上学；

2. 自行车是学生常用交通工具；

3. 骑自行车的一些好处；

4. 骑自行车需要注意的问题；

5.发出倡议。

第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）

concerning; as far as I am concerned; convenient; no matter how; actually; a practical way; protect the environment; in this way; don't hesitate.

第三步：连词成句

1. Recently, a debate concerning whether we should cycle to school or not has appeared in our school.

2. As far as I am concerned, we should ride to and from school.

3. Next, parking a bicycle is easy and convenient in our school, no matter how busy the traffic could be.

4. Actually, bicycle-riding is also a practical way to do exercise and protect the environment.

5. In this way, you feel it simple and relaxing to ride a bicycle.

6. Don't hesitate, everybody. Let's ride to school.

根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。

第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）

1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last

2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,

3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…

4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result

连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。

第五步：润色修改

【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：parking a bicycle is easy and convenient in our school, no matter how busy the traffic could be.这句话运用了no matter how引导的让步状语从句；同时还使用了一些固定词组，如as far as I am concerned; convenient; no matter how; actually; a practical way等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。

 

　

 

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