熟词生义,一直是高考英语中的重难点,今天老师特地为大家整理了高考必备的熟词生义,并附有例句,以帮助同学们在语境中加深对单词释义的理解,在文章的最后配有相应的练习。同学们可以先学习,然后再进行练习巩固,希望可以为同学们的高考冲刺助力!
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1
afford
熟义:v 买得起;支付得起
例句:I couldn’t afford the rent on my own. 我单靠自己付不起房租。
生义:v 抽得出(时间)
例句:She couldn’t afford the time off work to see him. 她工作太忙,抽不出时间去看他。
2
against
熟义:prep 反对
例句:Are you for or against my proposal? 你赞成还是反对我的提议?
生义:prep 以……为背景;以防
例句:His red clothes stood out clearly against the snow. 他的红色衣服在白雪中格外显眼。
We are insured the car against fire, theft and accident. 我们替车买了火险、盗窃险和交通意外险。
3
air
熟义:n 空气
例句:Let’s go out for some fresh air. 咱们出去呼吸点新鲜空气。
生义:v 公开发表(看法)
例句:Staff will get a chance to ask questions and air their views. 员工将有机会提问并发表意见。
4
business
熟义:n 商业;买卖;生意
例句:She works in the computer business. 她从事电脑业。
生义:n 职责
例句:It is the business of the police to protect the community. 警察的职责是保护社会。
5
coin
熟义:n 硬币
例句:a ten-cent coin 面值十分的硬币
生义:v 创造(新词语)
例句:Jaron Lanier coined the term “virtual reality” and pioneered its early development.
加隆·雷尼尔首创“虚拟现实”一词,并率先进行早期开发。
6
collect
熟义:v 收集;收藏
例句:I used to collect stamps. 我过去曾经集邮。
生义:v 接走;领取
例句:Martin’s gone to collect the children from school. 马丁去接孩子们放学了。
Your shoes will be repaired and ready for you to collect on Thursday. 你的鞋子星期四会修好,到时可以来取。
7
corner
熟义:n 街角;拐角
例句:There’s a hotel at the corner of my street. 我住的那条街拐角处有一家旅馆。
生义:v 使……走投无路;逼……入绝境
例句:If cornered, the snake will defend itself. 蛇在被逼得走投无路时会自卫。
8
cover
熟义:v 覆盖
例句:Much of the country is covered by forest. 森林覆盖了这个国家的大片土地。
生义:v 行走(一段路程);报道
例句:They were hoping to cover 40 miles yesterday. 他们昨天是打算走40英里的。
She’s covering the American election for BBC television. 她在为英国广播公司的电视台报道美国大选。
9
develop
熟义:v 发展;开发;研制
例句:The company develops and markets new software. 这家公司开发并销售新软件。
生义:v 冲洗(胶片)
例句:I haven’t had my holiday photos developed yet. 我的度假照片还没冲洗出来。
10
exercise
熟义:n / v 运动;锻炼
例句:It’s important to exercise regularly. 经常锻炼很重要。
生义:n / v 行使;运用(权力等)
例句:When she appeared in court she exercised her rights to remain silent. 她出庭时行使了自己保持沉默的权利。
11
figure
熟义:n 数字
例句:His salary is now in six figures. 他的薪水现在是六位数。
生义:v 认为
例句:We figured the sensible thing to do was to wait. 我们认为明智的做法是等待。
12
gift
熟义:n 礼物;赠品
例句:The watch was a gift from my mother. 这块表是母亲给我的礼物。
生义:n 天赋;才能
例句:She has a great gift for music. 她极有音乐天赋。
13
hold
熟义:v 拿着;召开;举行
例句:Could we hold a meeting to discuss this tomorrow afternoon? 明天下午我们开会讨论这件事好吗?
生义:v 容纳;担任
例句:The plane holds about 300 passengers. 这架飞机可容纳大约300名乘客。
He currently holds the position of technical manager. 他目前担任技术经理的职务。
14
lead
熟义:v 领路;引领
例句:If you lead, I’ll follow. 你领头,我跟着。
生义:v 通往;导致
例句:The path led down to a small lake. 这条路通向一个小湖。
Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems. 食用过多的糖会引起健康问题。
15
line
熟义:n 线;行;列
例句:The children all stood in a line. 孩子们全都站成一排。
生义:n 台词
例句:It always took me ages to learn my lines. 我总是花很长时间才能记住台词。
16
measure
熟义:v 测量
例句:Measure the length and width of the gap. 测量一下这个裂口的长度和宽度。
生义:n 措施;办法
例句:These measures were designed to improve car safety. 这些措施旨在提高汽车安全性。
17
nail
熟义:n 钉子;指甲
例句:The key was hanging on a nail by the door. 钥匙挂在门边的一颗钉子上。
She sat painting her nails. 她坐着涂指甲油。
生义:v 钉;将……钉牢
例句:I nailed the sign to a tree. 我将标示牌钉到了一棵树上。
18
narrow
熟义:adj 狭窄的
例句:There was only a narrow gap between the bed and the wall. 床和墙之间只有一条窄缝。
生义:adj 勉强的;刚刚好的;狭义的
例句:We won a narrow victory. 我们险胜。
I am using the word ‘education’ in the narrower sense. 我说的是较狭义的“教育”。
19
note
熟义:n 笔记;记录
例句:Can I borrow your lecture notes? 我可以借你的课堂笔记看看吗?
生义:v 注意;留意
例句:Please note that the bill must be paid within ten days. 请注意本账单必须在十天以内付清。
20
object
熟义:n 物体;目标
例句:The object is to educate people about road safety. 目的是教育人们注意交通安全。
生义:v 反对
例句:I really object to being charged for parking. 我非常反对收停车费。
21
perform
熟义:v 演出;表演
例句:I’m looking forward to seeing you perform. 我期待着看你演出。
生义:v 做;履行;执行
例句:This operation has never been performed in this country. 这个国家从未做过这种手术。
22
plain
熟义:n 平原
例句:High mountains rise above the plain. 高山从平原拔地而起。
生义:adj 清楚的;明显的;坦诚的
例句:I made it quite plain that I wasn’t interested. 我直截了当地表示我不感兴趣。
Let’s have some plain, truthful answers. 让我们听听坦率而真实的回答吧。
23
post
熟义:v 邮寄
例句:Have you posted your order yet? 你把订单寄出去没有?
生义:v 张贴;公布
例句:A copy of the letter was posted on the noticeboard. 布告牌上张贴了这封信的内容。
24
pronounce
熟义:v 发音
例句:Very few people can pronounce my name correctly. 很少有人能把我的名字念正确。
生义:v 正式宣布(或公布、授予等)
例句:She was pronounced dead on arrival at the hospital. 到达医院时她被宣布已经死亡。
25
raise
熟义:v 提升;举起
例句:She raised a hand in greeting. 她扬起手表示问候。
生义:v 募集;抚养;养育
例句:They were raising funds to help needy youngsters. 他们正在筹款帮助贫困青少年。
The new generation was the first to be raised on processed food. 新成长起来的一代是第一批吃加工食品长大的一代。
26
read
熟义:v 阅读;读;朗读
例句:He liked reading to his grandchildren. 他喜欢念书给孙子孙女听。
生义:v 解读;理解;读数为;显示
例句:She shook her head, and I read this as a refusal. 她摇摇头,我以为这是拒绝。
What does the thermometer read? 温度计的读数是多少?
27
respect
熟义:n / v 尊敬;敬重
例句:She had always been honest with me, and I respect her for that. 她一直对我很诚实。我非常敬重她这一点。
生义:n (事物的)方面
例句:In many respects the new version is not as good as the old one. 新版在许多方面不如旧版。
28
sentence
熟义:n 句子
例句:It’s difficult to sum it up in one sentence. 很难用一句话来概括。
生义:n / v 判刑
例句:She received an eight-year prison sentence. 她被判八年徒刑。
29
well
熟义:adv 好;令人满意地
例句:The kids all behaved well. 孩子们都很有礼貌。
生义:v 涌出;流出
例句:Tears were welling up in her eyes. 她热泪盈眶。
30
wind
熟义:n 风
例句:The wind is blowing from the south. 刮的是南风。
生义:v 蜿蜒;给(钟表等)上发条
例句:The path wound down to the beach. 这条小路弯弯曲曲通向海滩。
He had forgotten to wind his watch. 他忘了给表上发条了。
写出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。
1. She couldn’t afford the time off work to see him. _____________________
2. His red clothes stood out clearly against the snow. _____________________
3. We are insured the car against fire, theft and accident. _____________________
4. Staff will get a chance to ask questions and air their views. _____________________
5. It is the business of the police to protect the community. _____________________
6. Jaron Lanier coined the term “virtual reality” and pioneered its early development.
_____________________
7. Martin’s gone to collect the children from school. _____________________
8. Your shoes will be repaired and ready for you to collect on Thursday. _____________________
9. If cornered, the snake will defend itself. _____________________
10. They were hoping to cover 40 miles yesterday. _____________________
11. She’s covering the American election for BBC television. _____________________
12. I haven’t had my holiday photos developed yet. _____________________
13. When she appeared in court she exercised her rights to remain silent.
_____________________
14. We figured the sensible thing to do was to wait. _____________________
15. She has a great gift for music. _____________________
16. The plane holds about 300 passengers. _____________________
17. He currently holds the position of technical manager.
18. The path led down to a small lake. _____________________
19. Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems. _____________________
20. It always took me ages to learn my lines. _____________________
21. These measures were designed to improve car safety.
22. I nailed the sign to a tree. _____________________
23. We won a narrow victory. _____________________
24. I am using the word ‘education’ in the narrower sense. _____________________
25. Please note that the bill must be paid within ten days. _____________________
26. I really object to being charged for parking. _____________________
27. This operation has never been performed in this country. _____________________
28. I made it quite plain that I wasn’t interested. _____________________
29. Let’s have some plain, truthful answers. _____________________
30. A copy of the letter was posted on the noticeboard. _____________________
31. She was pronounced dead on arrival at the hospital. _____________________
32. They were raising funds to help needy youngsters. _____________________
33. The new generation was the first to be raised on processed food. _____________________
34. She shook her head, and I read this as a refusal. _____________________
35. What does the thermometer read? _____________________
36. In many respects the new version is not as good as the old one. _____________________
37. She received an eight-year prison sentence. _____________________
38. Tears were welling up in her eyes. _____________________
39. The path wound down to the beach. _____________________
40. He had forgotten to wind his watch. _____________________
答案
1. 抽得出(时间)
2. 以……为背景
3. 以防
4. 公开发表(看法)
5. 职责
6. 创造(新词语)
7. 接走
8. 领取
9. 使……走投无路;逼……入绝境
10. 行走(一段路程)
11. 报道
12. 冲洗(胶片)
13. 行使;运用(权力等)
14. 认为
15. 天赋;才能
16. 容纳
17. 担任
18. 通往
19. 导致
20. 台词
21. 措施;办法
22. 钉;将……钉牢
23. 勉强的;刚刚好的
24. 较狭义的
25. 注意;留意
26. 反对
27. 做
28. 清楚的;明显的
29. 坦诚的
30. 张贴;公布
31. 正式宣布
32. 募集
33. 抚养;养育
34. 解读;理解
35. 读数为;显示
36. (事物的)方面
37. 判刑
38. 涌出;流出
39. 蜿蜒
40. 给(钟表等)上发条
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