(1)newspaper意为“报纸”,是可数名词。“在报纸上”用英语表示为“in the/a newspaper”,不能用介词on。我们日常所说的晨报/晚报是morning / evening newspapers。例如:
She likes collecting old newspapers. 她喜欢收集旧报纸。
(2)newspaper是由news和paper构成的合成词,合成词是一种重要的构词法,对我们记忆单词很有帮助。例如:
class + room →classroom 教室
head + phone →headphone 耳机
police + man→ policeman 警察
basket + ball→basketball 篮球
(1)use 动词,意为“使用,运用”;其形容词形式为useful,意为“有用的,有益的”。例如:
Thanks for giving me such a useful book.
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I use the pen to write. 我用钢笔写字。
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I write with a pen. 我用钢笔写字。
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(2)use 也可以作名词, 意为“使用,用途,用法”。不过此时的读音为/ ju:s /。例如:
I’m sure you’ll think of a use for it.
movie 是名词,意为“电影”。“go to the movies” 意为“去看电影”,同意短语有“go to the cinema, go to see a film”。例如:
I often go to the movies with my classmates on weekends.
movie是美式英语,the movies 指电影院;“go to the movies”是美式英语的“去看电影”。例如:Let’s go to the movies. 我们去看电影吧。
film是英式英语,英式英语中去看电影是“go to the cinema/ go to see a film”。例如:
I have seen a very interesting film recently.
(1)just可以作副词,意思是“正好,恰好”;也可以表示“刚才,刚刚”,常用于肯定句。例如:
That’s just what I wanted. 那正是我所要的。
I’m just out of hospital. 我刚刚出院。
(2)just 还可以作形容词,意为“公正的,正义的,公平的”。例如:
This was a just decision, so everyone accepted it.
(1)drink 可作动词,意为“喝,饮”。如果是不及物动词,有“喝酒”之意。例如:
I want to drink some water. 我想喝些水。
Don’t drink and drive. 不要喝酒驾车。
(2)drink作不可数名词,意为“饮料”;作可数名词, 意为“一杯或者一份饮料”。例如:
What kind of drink would you like? 你想要什么饮料?
I want three drinks. 我想要3杯饮料。
(1)shop可用作动词,意为“购物”;“go shopping/do some shopping”意为“去购物”。常见的类似用法还有:
go swimming /do some swimming去游泳
go skating去滑冰 go fishing去钓鱼
go boating去划船 do some reading阅读
do some washing洗涮 do some cooking做饭
do some speaking多说 do some listening多听
Let’s go to the shop. 让我们去商店吧。
拓展:shop, store&supermarket
1)store 和shop 作名词时,均有“商店,商场”之意,基本上可以通用, 美国人常用store,英国人常用shop。store和shop作动词时,分别意为“储藏”和“购物”。例如:
These vegetables are stored for this store.
Mrs. Green often shops at the shop near her house.
2)supermarket 指自选市场,往往比store,shop 经营规模大,经营时间长。例如:
She likes doing shopping in the supermarket, because she thinks a supermarket has more goods than a shop.
她喜欢到超市买东西,因为她认为超市的货物比商店的货物多。
race 名词,意为“竞赛”。relay race 意为“接力赛”,100-metre race 意为“百米赛跑”。例如:
I won the 100-meter race. 我赢了一百米赛跑。
(1)race 主要表示赛跑、赛马(车、船)等速度方面的比赛,指从起点到终点的比赛。例如:
a horse race 赛马 a 10-kilometer race 10公里赛跑
(2)在美式英语中,game指决定胜负的游戏,通常有一套规则,凡参加者均需遵守。不管是户内或者户外,脑力或者体力的比赛,都可以叫game。英式英语中则用match,此时game与match可以互换。例如:
the Olympic Games 奥林匹克运动会
(1)study 作动词,意为“学习,研究”,其第三人称单数为studies。例如:
He studies in a Chinese school. 他在一所中国学校学习。
1)study 侧重于学习的过程。用于表示较高深或者周密的“研究”。例如:
He is studying the math problem. 他正在研究这个数学问题。
2)learn 侧重于学习的结果,意为“学会”,用于初级阶段的学习。“learn from sb.”意为“向某人学习”。例如:
He learns English on the radio. 他通过广播学英语。
(2)study 还可以作名词,意为“学习,书房”。例如:
He went swimming after an hour’s study.
My father is reading newspapers in his study.
else和other都是形容词,意为“别的;其他的”。但两者用法不同。
(1)else常用于修饰不定代词,疑问代词或疑问副词,也可以修饰all, much, little 等词,修饰这些词时,else要位于其后,作后置定语。例如:
Would you try something else?
Nobody else in my school comes fromAmerica.
Are you going anywhere else?
(2)other 作形容词,用以修饰名词或代词,作定语。例如:
Where are the other books?
Do you have any other questions?
(3)other作代词,可以单独作主语、宾语、表语,其复数形式为others. 例如:
Some students are playing under the tree. Others are flying kites over there.
(1)miss 作动词,意为“怀念,思念”,后可以接名词、代词或者动名词作宾语。例如:
She missed her mother badly.
I missed working with you.
(2)miss 作动词还可以表示“错过,没赶上”。例如:
He arrived too late and missed the train.
I missed the chance to go to college.
(3)miss 的首字母大写,即Miss,意为“小姐,老师”。通常用于未婚女性的姓氏前。例如:
Miss Li is our English teacher.
house 名词,可以指“房子”,也可以指“家”。例如:
The old man lived in an old house.
My house is far from our school.
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We are going to move to the new house. 我们将迁入新房。
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指“家人、家、家庭”,是一种社会意义上的团体,不指住房。
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My family are early risers. 我们全家都是早起的人。
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“家”,指家人共同生活的地方,强调家的气氛和环境,是一个带有感情色彩的名词。
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I must go home now. 我现在必须回家了。
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The teacher is still at work in his office.
(1)still意为“还,仍然”,多用于肯定句,也可用于否定句和疑问句中,还可以修饰形容词或副词的比较级,意为“更加”,相当于even。例如:
Li Lei and Lin Tao are still neck and neck.
I still don’t understand it. 我仍然不明白它。
(2)yet用作副词,意为“还,已经,仍然”,表示某事尚未完成,多用于否定句或者疑问中。例如:
Have they arrived yet? 他们已经到了吗?
The party is not over. We can’t leave yet.
1. 看报纸 _______ 2. talk on the phone _______
3. 去看电影______ 4. make soup_______
5. 使用电脑________ 6. listen to a CD _______
7. 明天见_______ 8. drink tea ________
9. TV show ________ 10. 与某人住在一起 _______
1. Mrs. King likes s_______ at the supermarket.
2. Do you want to go to the m______ tonight?
3. Mr. Wang is reading a n______ in his room now.
4. May I u______ your ruler?
5. Wei Hua’s father often drinks t______ after dinner.
6. He is j______ 10 years old, but he can wash himself.
7. He often help o______. We must learn from him.
8. I m______ parents very much. I haven’t seen them for three months.
9. Tom is swimming in a p______.
10. The food is d______. I like it very much.
1. He often _______(read) a newspaper in the living room.
2. Li Ming is______ (study) for a test now.
3. The mother ______ (miss) her daughter very much.
4. Do you like watching boat ______ ( race ) on TV?
5. Listen! Kate ______ (sing) in the next room.
6. Look! Two boys _____ (play) basketball over there.
7. She ______ (swim) at the pool now.
8. Tom ______ (write) a new novel these days.
9. -What’s your sister doing? -She ______ (clean) her room.
10. The giraffes are very ______ (friend) and interesting.
1. School is______ not over, the students can’t leave ______. (yet, still)
2. The old man lives in a big _______ alone. (home, family, house)
3. I ______ at No. 1 Middle School. (study, learn)
4. He won the 100-metere _______. (game, race)
5. Please take ______ book you like. (some, any)
1. read a newspaper 2. 在电话中交谈
3. go to the movies 4. 做汤
5. use the computer 6. 听唱片
7. see you tomorrow 8. 喝茶
9. 电视节目 10. live with sb.
1. shopping 2. movies 3. newspaper
4. use 5. tea 6. just 7. others
8. miss 9. pool 10. delicious
1. reads 2. studying 3. misses
4. races 5. is singing 6. are playing
7. is swimming 8. is writing
9. is cleaning 10. friendly
1. still, yet 2. house 3. study
(1)这是一个现在进行时的陈述句,现在进行时表示说话的时候正在发生或者进行的动作。它的肯定句的句式是“主语 + be + doing +其他。”,意为“某人正在做……”;这个结构中的 be有人称和数的变化:am用于第一人称单数;is用于第三人称单数;其他的人称用are。例如:
My father is watching TV now. 我的爸爸在看电视。
I’m reading a newspaper. 我正在看报纸。
They are playing basketball. 他们正在打篮球。
(2)这个句式的否定句是在be 的后面加not, 把句子中某些相应的词做变化(如:把some 变为any等),意为“某人没有在做……”。例如:
My father isn’t cooking dinner. 我爸爸不在做饭。
They are not drawing any pictures. 他们没有在画画。
2.Is the man swimming in the river?
这是现在进行时的一般疑问句形式,其结构为“Am/Is/Are+ 主语 + doing +其他?”,意为“某人正在干……吗?”。肯定回答用:Yes, 主语 + be. 否定回答用:No, 主语+be + not. 例如:
-Are you reading books? 你正在读书吗?
-Yes, I am. 是的,我在读。
-No, I am not. 不,我没有读。
3. What are you doing?
这是一个现在进行时的特殊疑问句,询问别人正在做什么。它的结构是“特殊疑问词+be+主语+doing+其他+?”。对于特殊疑问句的回答,要根据实际情况来定。例如:
-What is your mother doing? 你妈妈在做什么?
-She is watering the flowers. 她在浇花。
-Who is playing the piano? 谁在弹钢琴?
-My sister. 我姐姐/妹妹。
-What’s she doing? 她正在做什么?
-She is washing her clothes. 她正在洗衣服。
4. I’d love to.
I’d love to是由“I would love to…”缩写而来,常用来回答“Would you like to…?”提出的问句。其意与“I would like to…”相近,均表示“我想要……”。would love / like 后只接名词或动词不定式。若去掉了would,表示“我喜欢……”,其后接名词、动词不定式或动名词。
注意:I’d love /like to.的to不能省略。例如:
— Would you love to go to the movies with me?
你愿意和我一起去看电影吗?
— Yes, I’d love to. 是的,我很愿意。
— Can you come to my birthday party?
你能来参加我的生日聚会吗?
— Sure, I’d love / like to. 当然,我很愿意。
5. Do you want to join me for dinner?
join是动词,意为“参加,加入”。宾语有以下几种形式:
(1)join + 表示团体或组织的名词,join意为“加入(某团体),成为……(成员)”。例如:
Yao Ming joined the NBA. 姚明加入了NBA。
(2)join + 指人的名词或代词,join意为“加入……之中”。例如:
Will you join us for lunch?
和我们一起吃午饭好吗?
(3)join +in + 活动类名词,join in意为“参加(活动)”。例如:
Can you join in the game?
你能参加这个游戏吗?
拓展:join; join in和take part in 的辨析:
(1) join指加入某党派、某组织或某社会团体,以及参军等,并成为其中一员。例如:
I joined the army in 1996. 我是1996年参军的。
(2)join in指参加某项比赛或活动,常用于口语中,也可用于join sb in (doing) sth 意为“加入……(做)……”。例如:
May I join in the football match?
我可以参加这场足球比赛吗?
(3)take part in指参加群众性的活动、会议、劳动、游行等,往往指参加者持有积极的态度,起一定作用,有时与join in互换。例如:
I didn’t take part in the sports meeting yesterday because I was ill.
我没有参加昨天的运动会,因为我病了。
6. Zhu Hui…wishes to have his mom’s delicious zongzi.
wish 在句中作动词,意为“希望”,后面可接名词、代词或动词。“wish to do”表示“希望做……”。此时,也可以和“hope to do”互换。例如:
I wish (hope) to have a new computer.
我希望有一台新电脑。
拓展:wish 作动词时的其他常见用法:
(1)wish sb. to do sth. 意为“希望某人做某事”,例如:
He wishes us to stay here. 他希望我们留在这儿。
(2)wish sb. sth. 意为“祝愿某人……”,例如:
We wish her a happy birthday. 我们祝她生日快乐。
(3)wish + that从句 意为“但愿……,要是……就好了”,例如:
I wish I were young again. 要是我能返老还童就好了。
练一练:
Ⅰ. 根据对话内容补全对话,每空一词。
A: Hello,John. 1 are you doing?
B: Hi,Bob.I’m doing my homework.
A: Do you want to 2 tennis?
B: That 3 boring.I 4 like tennis.
A: What about 5 at the pool? It’s really hot today.
B: Great! 6 do you want to go?
A: Let’s go 7 four o’clock p. m.
B: OK.
A: 8 Tina there? What’s she doing?
B: Yes,she is.She’s watching TV.The TV 9 is interesting.
A: Does she want to go 10 us?
B: I don’t think so.
1.____ 2.____ 3.____ 4.____ 5.____
6.____ 7.____ 8.____ 9.____ 10.____
Ⅱ. 句型转换,每空一词。
1. Daming can join the Sports Club. (对划线部分提问)
_______ club______ Daming join?
2. I’m doing my homework. (变为一般疑问句)
_______ you doing ______ homework?
3. Alice is writing a letter. (对划线部分提问)
______ ______ Alice _______?
4. She often plays the violin. (用now 替换 often)
She ______ ______ the violin now.
5. Li Lei does his homework in the evening. (变为否定句)
Li Lei______ ______ his homework in the evening.
6. The students are waiting for their teachers.(就划线部分提问)
______ are the students ______ for?
7. The girls are watching a movie at the cinema. (就划线部分提问)
______ _______ the girls _______ a movie?
8. He wants to go to the shop. (就划线部分提问)
______ does he _______ to _______?
9. He is reading a book. (改为否定句)
He _______ ______ a book.
10. -Is she opening the door?(作肯定回答)
-Yes, ______ ______.
Ⅲ. 根据汉语意思,完成句子,每空一词。
1. 玛丽没有在学习英语,她在写信。
Mary _____ ______ English. She ______ ______ a letter.
2. 我妈妈正在车站等我。
My mother ______ ______ ______ me ______ the station.
3. 那主意听起来不错。
That idea _______ _______.
4. 这里有我的一些照片。
Here ______ some of ______ ______.
5. 今天上海天气怎么样?
______ the weather ______ in Shanghai today?
6. 我父母正在客厅里看电视。
My parents______ ______ _______ in the _______ ______.
7. 你想和我一起吃晚饭吗?
Do you want to ______ ______ for dinner?
8. 多棒的主意啊!那听起来很有趣。
What a great _______! _______ _______ interesting.
9. 我想念我的老师们,希望不久见到他们。
I ______ my teachers and _______ _______ see them soon.
10. -你愿意和我们一起去游泳吗?
-是的,我愿意。
-_______ you ______ ______ ______ swimming with us?
-Yes, ______ _______ _______.
参考答案:
Ⅰ. 根据对话内容补全对话,每空一词。
1. What 2. play 3. sounds
4. don’t 5. swimming
6. When 7. at 8. Is
9. show 10. with
Ⅱ. 句型转换,每空一词。
1. What, can 2. Are, your 3. What is, doing
4. is playing 5. doesn’t do
6. Who, waiting 7. Where are, watching
8. What, want, do 9. isn’t reading 10. she is
Ⅲ. 根据汉语意思,完成句子,每空一词。
1. isn’t studying, is writing 2. is waiting for, at
3. sounds good 4. are, my photos / pictures
5. What’s, like 6. are watching TV, living room
7. join me 8. idea, That sounds
9. miss, wish/hope to 10. Would, like to go, I’d love to