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更新时间:2020-02-25浏览:次评论: 条
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高考英语听力主播,在众多考生心目中一直是个谜一样的存在,今天呢,我们就揭开这个谜团,看一看背后的朗读者到底是谁,之后为大家分析近年高考英语听力命题特点及答题技巧,千万千万不可错过哦!
音符
一流主播读听力听起来是:
Conversation one:
衬衫的价格是九磅十五便士
Conversation two:
-我的语文书落在家里的书包里了,现在没有课本了。
-啊没有关系,我可以借给你。
音符
普通主播读听力听起来是:
Convers ation one:
衬衫%##&(@) @十五%##&(@) @
Conversation two:
%##&(@) @语文%##&(@) @家里%##&
(@) @课本%##&(@) @没关系
音符
三流主播读听力听起来是:
conversation one:
@%##&(@) @%##&(@)
conversation two:
@) @%##&(@%##&(@) @%
听力考试到此结束。
第一位全国高考英语听力考试的男声朗读者——英国人Paul。
Paul是第一位全国高考英语听力考试的男声朗读者,也是担任次数最多的男声朗读者,但在2007年于北京病逝。
北京语言大学的张卫老师说是他把Paul引入了这个职业,“在这个圈子里,他很有名气,人们称他是金嗓子。”而癌症夺走了这位“金嗓子”的生命。
“他的去世或许会对中学的英语听力教育产生很大的影响。”
张卫说自己并没有夸大事实,“很少有人知道他就是全国高考英语听力的男声朗读人,直到生病前,他一直做这个工作。”
Paul很喜欢这个工作,朋友说“这份工作太适合Paul了,因为他可以展现自己。”给高考播音,这是帮助中国学生学习和认识英语的一个机会,“他说他自己感到很自豪。”
“还有一个原因,就是Paul喜欢女孩子。”Debbie说从2000年到去年Paul生病回国,他担任了5次全国高考的男播音,而女播音换了好几个。“Paul喜欢女孩子,能够和那么多不同的女孩子合作,他觉得很幸福,很有乐趣。”
Paul和 Debbiede 的吐槽:高考播音有时也很无奈
Debbie是其中一位和Paul搭配过的女主播,她认为播音工作本身其实很枯燥,“考题的样式几乎年年都一样,没有什么新意,总是在重复。”
内容上对他们来说也比较陈旧。
“考试的试题几乎年年一样,毫无新意。总是那几个生活场景。”
“都已经21世纪了,还在讲伦敦雾的事情,伦敦早就已经不是那个雾都了!”
“有时我很困惑,不得不去读一些我们英美国家的人很少使用的语法,甚至不够准确表达原意的“错误”语法。
但出题者说,不能让学生很容易得到答案,所以没办法。
另外,非正常的语速也是让他们感到奇怪的问题——出题和录音的工作人员,喜欢按年级把语速分“初一”“初二”“高一”……
但即使是“高三”的语音,对于普通欧美人士来说也相当缓慢。
Paul之后的听力主播:Kris&Luara
Paul的去世甚至可以说影响了中学英语听力的走向。因为自此以后,美音的朗读者开始“逆袭”。其中最着名的朗读组合,应该是美籍华人Kris Chung(右)和Luara Estelles了。
自从Kris 和Luara接手高考英语听力以来,就不断有同学在贴吧和各种网站求他俩的听力材料。
我们不禁觉得这个思路也是很棒,常常听高考主播的语料,做他们读的听力题,到高考时候还不得熟悉得就跟自己母语一样嘛!
一. 考查要求
听力是与外国人直接交往中必不可少的一种语言能力。该部分要求考生听懂有关日常生活中所熟悉话题的简短对话和独白。
考生应该做到:
(1)理解主旨和要义。
任何一段对话或独白总会围绕一个主旨或者一个中心思想展开。有时,主旨要义会比较明确;有时则会贯穿整个对话或独白,考生需自己去归纳、概括。
(2)获取事实性的具体信息。
为了说明和支持主旨,对话或独白中总会出现一些具体信息,如时间、地点、人物等。这些信息是理解和把握对话或独白主旨必不可少的内容,也常常是听力部分的重点考查项目。
(3)对所听内容作出简单推断。
话语发生的场合、说话者之间的关系等对话语含义的理解起着举足轻重的作用,对这些背景知识的推断能力在一定程度上可以体现一个人对口语的理解能力,因而也是听力测试所要考查的重点项目之一。
(4)理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。
一般来讲,说话者总会有说话的意图,或是提出或回答问题,阐述自己的想法,或是表明自己的态度或意见,对此的理解或推断在一般交往中非常重要。有时,说话者的意图或观点是明说出来的,有时则隐含在对话的字里行间,需要听者自己去揣摩、推断。
二. 考查内容和形式的设计
根据英语课程标准,听力部分考查考生对真实的口头语言材料的理解情况,要求语言材料来源于实际生活,围绕一个有关日常生活的话题展开,同时有一些细节信息的支持。
听力材料可以是第一段对话,也可以是一篇独白,对话一般仅在两个人之间进行,且两个人一般为不同的性别。谈话可以发生在宾馆、饭店、商店、办公室、影剧院、家庭、车站等不同的地点,也可以发生在飞机、火车、轮船等各种交通工具中。可能是在电话中,也可能是面对面。独白可以是天气预报、活动简介、课堂授课内容,也可以是讲述自己或是别人的一段往事。
近三年的全国卷听力 20 个小题中,理解主旨与要义每年都有 1 题,获取事实性的具体信息有9至 10 个题,对所听内容作出推断有 6 至7个题,理解说话者的意图、观点和态度有3个,较好地体现了考试大纲对考生的要求。
三. 听力部分语言材料及试题特征
1. 短对话更短,更加贴近真实生活情境。
短对话材料虽短,但互动性明显,充分体现了语言交流的本质。
2. 材料短,干扰信息点密集。
正确选项和干扰项的信息点密集分布在原文中, 每个有关数字、地名题都有两个干扰信息。
3. 推理判断题构思巧妙。
解答这类题在听取录音时,不仅需要记录相关信息点,排除干扰项的录音,还要进行简单的计算及推理判断。
4. 正确选项是对原文的同义转述。
题目的正确选项都是对原文中相关的语块、词汇进行了转换,所以学生们平时应该扩大常用词汇量,多积累。
下面就结合近年的高考英语听力命题特点为同学们传授五大解题技巧。
一. 学会预测
预测是在做听力理解之前根据各种暗示,如所给答案选项,段落或对话标题等已有知识,对即将听到的段落或对话内容进行预测。
1. 从答案选项中预测
Q: What does Tom do?
A. He’s a truck driver.
B. He’s a ship captain.
C. He’s a pilot.
录音原文:W: Tom flew to Anchorage last night, then took some passengers from there to Dallas .
M: Yeah, but he couldn't land because the airport in Dallas was snowed in.
从选项看,问题应是关于职业方面的,再从flew, passengers, airport这些信息词中可知道Tom的职业。
2. 从说话人口气预测
在A,B两人的对话中,如果B是附和或赞成,往往说“Yes”,“I agree”,“Sure”,“I think so”等。但如A用否定句,B表同意时则用“No”,“Neither / Nor?”等。
例如:A: Harvey doesn't seem to fit into this class. B: No, he is really a fish out of water.
二. 做简要笔记
听录音时快速,准确,简要地记下有关信息(包括数字,人名,地名,关键词),前提是不要影响跟听速度,采用自己习惯的符号。
例:How much will the man pay for the tickets?
A.$18 B. $24 C. $30
原文:W: Tickets for the movie are $ 6 for adults, half price for children. M: All right, I’d like three tickets for adults and two tickets for children, please. 笔记可简化为:$ 6 A(A代表adult),C代表children,3A+2C或6 A(3)+ half C(2)
三. 听清数据,简要记录,加以运算。
在获取时间信息时,不要误把会话中提到的时间简单确定为问题的答案。高考听力考查时间时往往要进行简单的时间换算。
At what time does the train to Leeds leave?
A. 3:00 B. 3:15 C. 5:00
录音原文:W: Excuse me, could you tell me when the next train to Manchester is? M: Sure. Well, it's 3 now. The next train to Manchester leaves in 2 hours, but you can take the train to Leeds which leaves in 15 minutes, and then get off at Manchester on the way. 对话中提到了三个时间It's 3 now, in 2 hours,in 15 minutes.
现在是3点,开往Manchester的火车要两小时后才开,即The train to Manchester leaves in 2 hours。若简单机械地把3点和2点相加,会得出火车5点才开的错误选项C。
四. 抓住关键词,对症下药
听力考试常出现以Where提问的问句,考生要通过对话的具体情节和背景判断对话发生的地点。一般来说,特定场景的用语和关键词是基本固定的,考生要对此多了解,熟悉明白。在遇到Where does the conversation take place?/ Where does sb. work? What’s his job?之类的问题时,就会派上用场。
如:restaurant: menu, bill, order, tip, hamburger, beer, soup hotel: luggage, single room, double room, room number, check in(out)
hospital: take medicine, temperature, pill, headache, fever, examine
post office: mail, deliver, stamp, envelope, parcel airport: flight, take off, land, luggage
railway station: round trip, single trip, sleeping car store: on sale, size, wear, color, style,price, change,bargain,
school: professor, exam, course, term, dining hall, playground
library: librarian, renew, date, shelf, magazine, seat
五. 果断选题,学会放弃
相信第一感觉,当机立断,决不能反反复复,甚至影响后面的答题,切记不可因某个小题未听懂而患得患失,不可因一题失多题,造成一步跟不上,步步皆踏空的结果。
总之,只要掌握基本的听力技巧和方法、排除一切干扰,全身心地投入语境、持之以恒地坚持高考全真模拟听力训练,高考中定能取得理想的成绩。
1.be known as/be famous as作为……而闻名
be known for因……而出名
be known to为……所知
be known by凭……而知
The hill is known for the temple.
LuXun is known to us as a writer.
One can be known by his words and deeds.
2.be married to与……结婚
She is married to a musician.
3.be tired of/with对……厌烦
He is tired of/with this kind of life.
=He is bored with this kind of life.
4.be terrified at被……吓一跳
He is terrified at the snake.
5.be burdened with负重
He is burdened with a heavy load.
6.be crowded with挤满
The shop is crowded with people.
7.be dressed in穿着
She is dressed in red.
8.be experienced in对……有经验
He is experienced in mending bikes.
9.be equipped with装备
They are equipped with guns and food.
10.be furnished with提供,布置
They are furnished with enough food.
11.be engaged in sth从事,忙于(=be busy with sth)
He has been engaged in writing novels.
12.be engaged to与……订婚
My daughter is engaged to a nice doctor.
13.be about to do sth.正要做……
I was just about to go swimming when our guide saw me and stopped me.
14.be fit to do/be fit for胜任;适合于
He is fit to do the work.
These books are not fit for children.
15.be worth doing值得做……
The film is worth seeing again.
16.be proud of以……而自豪骄傲
Prof. Cai is proud of his students.
17.be used to sth./doing sth.习惯于……
My grandpa is not used to living in the noisy city.
18.be content to do sth./with…甘愿于干……;满足于……
I am content with your work this time.
19.be content with对……感到满意
You should be content with what you have.
20.be up to应由……,轮到……
It's up to her to answer the question.
21.be meant/intended for打算给,打算用作
Is this valuable painting meant for me?
22.be connected with与……有联系
He was also connected with the government.
23.be crazy about对……狂热
Many young people are crazy about Hip-Hop.
二、动词break构成的短语动词
1.break out爆发
The Anti—Japanese War broke out in 1937.
2.break in打断;闯入
Two robbers broke in and robbed the bank of a lot of money.
3. break into闯入;破门而入
They broke into the uncle’s bedroom and found the man lying on the floor。dead.
4.break away from脱离
Lincoln said it was not fight for the south to break away from the union.
5.break down(机器,车辆)坏了;失败了;摧毁;分解
We are sorry to arrive late, but the car broke down.
6.break through突破
The marchers broke through the line of the police.
7.break off折断;中断;断绝
Let’s break off for half an hour and have some tea.
8.break up驱散,拆散
The police broke up the crowd.
三、动词carry构成的短语动词
1.carry on进行
He had learned enough English to carry on a conversation
2.carry out执行;进行
They were carrying out an important experiment.
3.carry away拿走
Please carry these desks away.
4.carry off夺走,抢走
Some unknown man carried off the prize.
四、动词call构成的短语动词
1.call on拜访某人,号召
We will call on Mr. Li tomorrow.
We are called on to help those in trouble.
2.call at拜访某地
I called at your office yesterday, but you were not in.
3.call for需要;要求;邀约(人);取(物)
Success called for hard work.
call for a doctor去请医生
4. call in 请来;收回
Mother is badly ill, so call in a doctor at once.
5.call up打电话;征召;回想起
I called Tom up and told him the news.
In most countries men are called up at the age of 18.
As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village called up scenes of my childhood.
五、动词catch,hold构成的短语动词
1.catch/take/get hold of sth.抓住某物
Catch/Get/Take hold of the rope,and I'll pull you up.
2.catch up with赶上
Work hard and I am sure you are able to catch up with others in class.
3.catch fire着火;烧着
Last night a big building caught fire.
4.catch sight of发现;看到
When the mice caught sight of the cat,the mice run away as quickly as possible.
5.hold up举起;阻滞(交通等);耽搁
He held up one of his fingers and showed it to the class.
In the rush hour the traffic is hold up.
6.hold back阻止;控制
We must hold them back from fighting.
7.hold one’s breath憋住气,屏息
How long can you hold your breath under water?
8.hold out坚持;拿出
We must hold out until help comes.
六、动词come构成的短语动词
1.come into…进入……状态
come into being(事物、局面等)产生;形成
The custom came into being long long ago.
2.come along过来;快点
Come along! It’s nearly eight o'clock.
3.come out出来;出版
How did the printing come out?
4.come true实现
I am sure your dream will come true one day.
5.come back to life苏醒过来
When the wounded soldier came back to life,he found himself in hospital.
6.come to the point说到要点,触及问题实质
7.come about发生,造成
The event came about as he had predicted it.
8.come across碰见
You’re the most beautiful woman I've ever come across.
同义词组:run across
I ran across an old friend in the street.
9.come to all end结束
Your duties here have come to an end.
10.come to light为人所知,显露
The robbery didn’t come to light until the next day.
11.come up with提出,想出
He came up with a new suggestion
七、动词do构成的短语动词
1.do well in在某方面做得好
My cousin is a sailor and he is doing very well in the navy
2.do good to对……有好处
Doing morning exercises will do good to your health.
3.do harm to对……有害处
Too much noise does harm to our health.
4.do with处理
What did you do with our goods?
5.do sb a favour帮某人的忙
Will you do me a favour to carry it upstairs?
6.do up系纽扣;梳理
Look,your bottom isn’t done up.
do up one’s hair梳理头发
八、动词get构成的短语动词
1.get in touch with同……取得联系
2.get up起床
He gets up very early every day.
3.get back回来;取回
I will get back next weekend.
4.get on上车
You shouldn’t get on the bus until it has stopped completely
5.get over克服;度过
You’ll soon get over these difficulties.
6.get off下车
The bus stopped and the passengers got off.
7.Get together相聚
We should go to a restaurant to get together.
8.get on/along well with与……相处融洽
I am getting on well with my classmates.
9.get into进人;陷入
Don’t get into the habit of smoking.
10.get into trouble陷入麻烦
11.get in a word插话
12.get rid of除掉
We aye doing our best to get rid of pollution.
13.get through通过;接通;完成;经历
I tried to telephone you but I couldn’t get through.
I will be with you as soon as I get through this work
14.get to到达
He had to get to the other side of street to attend a meeting
15.get about/around/round传开,传出去
The news of the disaster soon get about.
16.get across使理解
The teacher tried to explain the problem,but the explanation did not get across to the class.
17.get away离开
I was in a meeting and couldn’t get away.
18.get down to(doing)sth.安心做,开始认真干
You must get down to your studies this year.
九、动词give构成的短语动词
1.give up放弃
I persuaded him to give up the foolish plan.
2.give in屈服;投降
He wouldn’t give in to the enemy.
3.give out用完;耗尽
Our food and water will give out soon.
4.get out of从……出来,摆脱,
He got out of debt.
5.give away分发;捐赠;泄露
He gave away most of his fortune to the poor work
Please don’t give my secret away.
6.give off放出
This engine gives off lots of smoke and steam.
7.give back归还;恢复
I hope that the holiday will give back my good spirits.
十、动词go构成的短语动词
1.go ahead继续;干吧
He went ahead with the work and got it done.
2.go by(时间)过去;经过(地点)
Don’t let the good chance go by.
3.go out(灯、火)熄灭
When they arrived,the fire had gone out.
4.go on(doing)继续做某事
Please go on with your work.
5.go on to do sth.接着做另外的事
He went on to watch TV after he had finished his home一
6.go over检查;复习
When I came into the teacher's room,our teacher is going over our homework.
7.go through完成;通过;经历;仔细检察
During the night the computers go through the information.
She went through one hardship after another.
8.go all out(=try/do one’s best)竭尽全力
They went all out to build the dam.
9.go about开始着手,到处走动,传开
How does one go about getting the information.
10.go against违背
They are going against our wishes.
11.go back回家,追溯
This festival goes back to Roman times.
12.go for运用于,应用于’
The medicine went for nothing.
13.go in for参加,爱好
She went in for a singing competition.
14.go with相配
I want some shoes to go with these trousers.
15.go without不吃/喝/用
The poor boy often has to go without supper.
16.go beyond超过
That’s going beyond a joke.
17.go up上升,上涨
The goods have gone up in quality.
18.go down下降,降沉,下沉
The moon has gone down.
十一、动词have构成的短语动词
1.have a word with sb.和某人说句话
Could you spare a few minutes? I want to have a word with you.
2.have words with争吵
They’ve had words with her about money.
3.have(deep)effects on对……有(深远)影响
The book has great effects on his life.
4.have difficulty in/find difficulty in/have trouble in 做……有困难
We have/find difficulty in writing the composition.
十二、动词keep构成的短语动词
1.keep on doing sth.继续或反复做某事
Marx kept on studying English and using it when he lived in London.
2.keep up坚持
Keep up your courage and you will succeed.
3.keep up with跟上
She can’t keep up with others.
4.keep back保留;阻止;隐瞒;拒留
She was in deep sorrow,but she kept back her tears.
5.keep away from远离
Keep children away from fire.
6.keep out of使……不进入
In the ancient time, the Great Wall was built in order to keep enemy out of country.
7.keep one’s word遵守诺言
I am sure you will keep your word.
8.keep in touch with与……保持联系
We have kept in touch with each other by writing letters.
9.keep silent保持沉默
He kept silent.about the matter.
10.keep/prevent/stop…from doing sth.制止(防止)……做某事
The heavy rain kept us from going out.
11.keep off使……远离
Please keep off the grass.
十三、动词knock构成的短语动词
1.knock at敲(门、窗等)
Yon should knock at the door before coming in.
2.knock down撞倒
They make sure the cows not knock the young trees down or eat the leaves.
3.knock off撞掉下来
A child ran into the street and knocked the woman off her bicycle.
4.knock about连续打击/碰撞,漂泊,闲逛
He has knocked about all over Asia.
十四、动词look构成的短语动词
1.look up抬头;查阅
You may look up new word in a dictionary.
2.look out小心
Look out! The pan is on fire.
3.look into调查
We’ll further look into the matter.
4.look forward to盼望
We look forward to knowing the results of the exam.
5.look through仔细看;浏览
You have to look through the papers before you hand them in.
6.look up to尊敬
Young children should look up to old people.
7.look down upon瞧不起
The days are gone when women were looked down upon.
8.look like看起来
You look like your father.
9.look on…as(=treat/consider/take/think of...as) 把……看作
He looks on the computer as his friend.
10.look after照顾
When I am out,my husband looks after our baby.
11.look for寻找
What are you looking for?
十五、动词make构成的短语动词
1.make a dive for向……猛冲
The dog made a dive for the bone.
2.make an apology to向……道歉
He apologized/made an apology to her.
3.be made up of组成
Two thirds of the earth’s surface is made up of vast ocean.
4.make up组成;化妆;打扮;补充;弥补;编造
Great Britain and Northern Ireland make up the United Kingdom.
It took her more than one hour to make up for the party.
The whole story is made up.
5.make room for给……腾地方
Would you like to make room for the old lady?
6.make up one’s mind下决心
I have made up my mind to work harder than before.
7.make up for弥补
We must make up for the time wasted before.
8.make use of利用
We should make full use of the books in the library.
9.make one’s way排除困难前进
After the film ended we made our way out of cinema.
10.make progress进步
With the teacher's help,I have made much progress.
11.make repairs修理
They are making repairs in that building
12.make a promise许诺言
Father made a promise to buy me a new computer.
13.make a living谋生
He began to make a living by himself when he was ten.
14.make the best of尽量利用
Mother didn’t enjoy his job,but she made the best of it.
15.make for走向,前往
They set off by car and made for the nearest town.
16.make out认出,理解
We made out a figure in the darkness.
It’s difficult to make out his ideas.
17.make it成功,及时达到
After hard—working,we made it at last.
十六、动词put构成的短语动词
1.put away放好;收起来
Put the books away after reading.
2.put down记下;平息 .
Put down the gentleman’s address.
3.put out扑灭;出版
It took the fire—fighters four hours to put out the fire.
4.put up举起;建造;张贴;公布,投宿
Many new high buildings have been put up in our city.
5.put up with(=stand/bear)忍受
He is prepared to put up with it for the time being.
6.put on穿上;上演;增加
We will put on the new play next month.
7.put off延期;拖延
The sports meet will be put off because of the bad weather.
8.put through完成;(打电话)把……接通
Can you put me through to this number?
9.put forward提出建议,拨快(钟等)
The doctor put forward a good suggestion.
十七、动词take构成的短语动词
1.take up占用(时间;空间);从事
The piano takes up too much space in the room.
2.take…out拿出去
We don’t allow taking books out of the reading room.
3.take sides站在……一边
Switzerland didn’t take sides in the First World War.
4.take place发生
The strike took place just before liberation.
5.take the place of代替
Now cotton can be taken the place of by many other materials.
6.take one’s place就座;代替某人职位
They took their places before the meeting began.
7.take it easy别着急
Take it easy,and you are not badly i11.
8.take off脱掉;起飞;成功
The plane takes off at eight.
They not just made progress but took off.
9.take part in参加
Martin Luther King took a leading part in the great march.
10.take pride in以……而自豪
He took pride in being a student in Beijing University.
11.take away(from)拿走;使停留,使离开
The child was taken away from school,not allowed to at.
12.take in欺骗,摄取
take on雇用,接受(工作),呈现(品质、面貌)
take over接管
The pretty girl took in my feeling.
You’d better take in some fruits.
Yon have taken on too much.
The frogs can take on the colours of its background.
He is taking over my job while I'm on holiday.
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蔡章兵,男,1972年生,重庆潼南县人,中学英语教育专家,资深英语图书策划人。先后毕业重庆文理学院外国语学院英语专业和四川师
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