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survey
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[sə:(r)vei]
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n.调查
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standard
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[stændə(r)d]
|
n. 标准；水平
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row
|
[rəu]
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n. 一排；一列；一行
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in a row
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连续几次地
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keyboard
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[ki:bɔ:(r)d]
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n. 琴键；键盘
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instruction
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[instrʌkʃn]
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n. 指示；命令
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double
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[dʌbl]
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v. 加倍；是⋯⋯的两倍 adj. 两倍的；加倍的
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shall
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[ ʃæl]
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modal v. 将要；将会
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overcome
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[ əuvə(r)kʌm]
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v.(overcame ;overcome) 克服；战胜
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make a mess
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弄得一团糟，一塌糊涂
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graduate
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[grædʒueit]
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v. 毕业；获得学位
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keep one’s cool
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沉住气；保持冷静
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ours
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[auə(r)z]
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pron. 我们的
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senior
|
[si:niə(r)]
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a. 级别（或地位）高的
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senior high (school)
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高中
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text
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[tekst]
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n.课文；文本
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level
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[levl]
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n.标准；水平
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degree
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[digri:]
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n.（.大学）学位；度数；程度
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manager
|
[mænidʒə(r)]
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n. 经理；经营者
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believe in
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信任；信赖
|
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gentleman
|
[dʒentlmən]
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n. 先生
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graduation
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[grædʒueiʃn]
|
n. 毕业
|
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ceremony
|
[serəməni]
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n.典礼；仪式
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congratulate
|
[kəngrætʃuleit]
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v. 祝贺
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thirsty
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[θ:(r)sti]
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a. 口渴的；渴望的
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none
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[nʌn]
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pron. 没有一个；毫无
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task
|
[ta:sk ]
|
n. 任务；工作
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ahead
|
[ əhed]
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adv. 向前面；在前面
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responsible
|
[rispɔnsəbl]
|
adj. 有责任的
|
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be responsible for
|
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对……负责任
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separate
|
[sepəreit]
|
adj. 单独的；分离的 v. 分开
|
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wing
|
[wiŋ]
|
n. 翅膀；翼
|
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Brian
|
[braiən]
|
布赖恩（男名）
|
|
Luke
|
[lu:k]
|
卢克（男名）
|
|
Griffin
|
[grifin]
|
格里芬（姓）
|
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Trent
|
[trent]
|
特伦特（姓）
|
1. win a prize 获奖
2. do a school survey 做一个学校调查
3. meet the standard of a strict teacher
4. meet this group of friends 遇到这群朋友
5. score two goals in a row 连续踢进两个球
6. learn to play the keyboard 学会弹钢琴
7. be patient with sb 对……有耐心
8. work out the answer yourself 自己找出答案
9. guide sb to do sth 指导某人做某事
10. put in more effort 更加努力
11. look back at 回首
12. pride of overcoming fear 克服恐惧感的自豪
13. make a great big mess 弄得一团糟
14. keep my cool 保持我的清高
15. try to be on time for morning reading 尽力赶上早读
16. look forward to doing sth 期望做某事
17. join the school swim team 加入学校游泳队
18. get a business degree 取得一个商业学位
1.——What happened in Grade 7 that was special?
——Our team won the school basketball competition.
我们队赢了学校的蓝球比赛。
2.——How have you changed since you started junior high school?
你上中学后有什么变化？
—— I've become much better at speaking English.
3.——How do you think things will be different in senior high school?
——I think that I'll have to study much harder for exams.
4.—— What are your plans for next year?
—— I'm going to join the school volleyball team.
我将加入学校排球队。
5. ——What do you remember about Grade 8.
——I remember being a volunteer.
6.——What do you use to do that you don't do now?
—— I used to take dance lessons, but I don't anymore.
7.——What are you looking forward to?
你期望做什么？
——I'm looking forward to going to senior high school.
none既可指人又可指物，意为“没有任何人或物；一个人也没有”，后可跟of短语连用，既可指人又可指物，作主语时，谓语动词用单数或复数均可。强调数量，可用来回答howmany / how much问句。例如：
—Have you bought any clothes？你买衣服了？
None of us has／have been to Macao．我们没有一个人去过澳门。
no one＝nobody，只能指人，意为“没有人”；表示泛指“没有人”,作主语时，谓语动词只能用单数， no one等于nobody，不强调数量，可用来回答who问句。
1) --- Who’s in the classroom? 谁在教室里？
--- No one. / Nobody. 没有人在教室里。
2) --- How many animals can you see in thepicture? 在这副画里你能看见多少动物？
No one can do it.没有人能作此事。
nothing只能指物，表示“没有什么（东西）”。它们不可与of短语连用，作主语时谓语动词只能用单数。例如：
Nobody（No one）likes to lose money，does he？
There's nothing in the bag．口袋里什么也没有。
（1）none指的是三者或三者以上的人或物中“没有一个”，如果指两者中“没有一个”应用neither。请比较：
There are many apples in the basket, but none of them are of fresh.
Neither of his parents is at home.
（2）nothing＝not anything，意为“没有任何东西；没有什么”。它表示的是事物的种类。如：
Nothing is found on the table.桌子上什么也没有。
（3）noone＝nobody，只能指人，不能指物，语气比none强，后面不能接of构成的短语。noone作主语时，谓语动词只能用单数形式。如：
No one/Nobody likes a person with badmanners.
（4）用于简略回答时，none用来回答由How many„和How much„引起的问句以及含“any(of)＋名词”构成的一般疑问句；no one/nobody用来回答Who„问句及含anybody构成的一般疑问句；而nothing则用来回答What„问句及含anything构成的一般疑问句。如：
—How much water is there in the bottle?瓶子里有多少水？
—What’s on the table?桌上有什么？
—Who will go to the party?谁将去参加晚会？
【典型例题1】1.____ of the students has finished the exam, so ___ has comeout of the classroom.
A. None, no one B. Nobody, none
C. No one, nobody D.None,not anyone
试题分析：句意：所有的学生都没有完成考试，所以没有一个人离开教室。None of后面加名词的复数形式，表示全部否定；no one没有一个人，否定代词，谓语动词用单数形式；nobody没人。故选A。
2. --How many students are there in the classroom?
A. Nobody B. None C. No one D. No
1. separate着重指把原来结合在一起的、混合在一起的事物或人分开或隔离，常与from连用。2. divide着重指将整体分成若干部分，常与into连用。例句：
The whole class was dividedinto five groups.
England is separated from France by the Channel.
【典型例题2】1.Let's ______ the children into 4 groups. Each group will have a ______ room to sleep in.
A.separate; divide B.cut; separate
C.divide; separate D.divide; divide
试题分析：词义辨析。Separate 意指放置为相隔的和保持相隔的；Divide通过切开、劈开或分割形成几部分、几份额或几份来分离。Cut的意思是砍，削减的意思。句意：让我们把孩子们分成四组。每一组会有一个分开的房间睡觉。故选C。
III. remember to do和rememberdoing sth.
remember to do 记住去做某事,表示这件事情还没有做.
remember doing 记得做过某事,表示这件事情还已经做了
【典型例题3】1.—______to giveback the books to the library before Friday.
C.Remembering D. To remember
2.I remember ______ the math problem ______.But I can’t remember it’s answer.
A.working ;out B.to work ;out
C.working ;with D.to deal ;with
试题分析：句意:我记得算过这道数学题。但是我不记得它的答案啦。记得干过某事remember doing sth；计算出work out。根据语意和语境故选A。学1科网
go ahead 走在前面；干吧，开始吧（常用于口语中）
As time goes by, I find it more and more difficult to have happiness.
There must be something wrong with my alarm clock. It didn’t go off this morning.
I have to go over my notes for tomorrow’s exam.
Put more wood to the fire; otherwise it will go out.
【典型例题4】1.You’d better _______ the test paper before handing it in.
2. When we are getting excited ,angry or scared ,our bodies also______many physical changes .
试题分析：考查短语辨析。A复习 ；B四处走动；C经历；D成功。句意：当我们激动、生气或恐惧的时候，我们的身体也会经历许多物理变化。故C正确。
一般现在时表示现阶段经常或习惯发生的动作或存在的状态,或说明主语的特征。
【典型例题5】-Have you everbeen to Xiamen?
①一般现在时句子中常有的时间状语：often, usually, sometimes, always, every (day等), once/twice, a (week等), on (Sunday等), never, in the (morning等)。如：Theygo to the Palace Museum once a year.(他们每年去一次故宫)/They often discuss business in the evening.(他们经常在晚上商谈生意)
②表示客观真理、事实、人的技能或现在的状态时句子里一般不用时间状语。如：The earth turns round the sun.(地球绕着太阳转)
Light travels faster than sound.(光传播比声音快)
③表示十分确定会发生(如安排好的事情)或按照时间表进行的事情,用一般现在可以表达将来,句子中可以有将来时间。如：
The train for Haikou leaves at 8：00 in the morning.
④在时间状语从句中(以when, after, before, while, until, as soon as等引导)和条件状语从句中(以if,unless引导),用一般现在时代替一般将来时,句子可以有将来时间。如：
Please ring me up as soon as you arrive in Germany.
If it rains tomorrow,we will have to stay at home.
【典型例题4】"We'll goboating if it tomorrow.”" Have a nice day
A. will befine B. will rain C. is fine
试题分析：句意：“如果明天天气好我们就去划船”。根据主将从现原则，主句是一般将来时态，在时间和条件状语从句中要用一般现在时代替一般将来时态，if引导的是条件状语从句，故选C。
⑤ 一般现在时用于倒装句中可以表示正在发生的动作,动词以come, go为主。
Here comes the bus. (车来了) /There goes the bell.(铃响了)。
Now the midfield player catches the ball and he keeps it.
⑦人的心理活动和感官动作一般用一般现在时而不用现在进行时表达,常见动词有：like, love, hate, dislike, want, wish, hope, think(认为),understand, remember, forget, mean, need, hear, feel, see.如：
I think it is going to snow.(我想天要下雪了)/I really hope you can enjoyyour stay here.(我真的希望你愉快地呆在这儿)
2.一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或状态,这种动作或状态可能是一次性,也可能经常发生。
【典型例题5】2.＿your parents at home last week﹖
①表示过去具体时刻发生的一次性动作时,时间状语有：at (eight) (yesterday morning),(ten minutes)ago, when引导的时间状语从句。
如：I got up at 6：00 this morning.(我是早上六点钟起床的)
Little Tom broke the window athalf past nine this morning
【典型例题6】I to learn the piano when I wasseven years old.
C. had begun D. has begun
试题分析：句意:当我七岁大的时候，我开始学的钢琴。根据句意和句中的when Iwas seven years old可知，这里说的是我七岁大的时候，是过去的，故应该用一般过去时态。故选B。A选项是一般现在时；C选项是过去完成时；D选项是现在完成时。
②表示过去一段时间内不知何时发生的一次性动作时,时间状语有：yesterday, last (year等), in (1998 等),in thepast。如：
He came to our city in the year 2000.(他2000年来到我们市)
【典型例题7】---Do you knowwhen she ______?
C. is coming D. was coming
3. 一般将来时表示将来某一时刻或经常发生的动作或状态。
①一般将来时的时间状语有：tomorrow，this (afternoon), next (year), one day, now, soon, someday,sometime, in the future, when引导的从句等。
②用will构成的将来时,表示动作与人的主观愿望无关。“shall”用于第一人称,“will”用于所有人称。如：
I will graduate from this school soon.(我很快就要从这所中学毕业了)/ You will stay alone after I leave.(我走了之后你就要一个人过了)
③“am/is/are going to+动词原形”表示打算或准备要做的事情,或者主观判断即将要发生的事情。
It’s going to rain soon.(天快要下雨了)
④表示一个人临时决定要做某事,可以用will表达。如：
I will go to the lab to get some chemicals(化学药剂).So please wait until I return.(我要到化学实验室去取些药品,请等我回头)
⑥shall和will 在口语的一些疑问句中相当于情态动词。Shall一般与第一人称连用,will与第二人称连用。如：
Shall we go to the zoo next Saturday?(我们下周六去动物园好吗？)/
Will you please open the door for me?(替我把门打开好吗？)
【典型例题8】1.—Will we have dinner at the HopeRestaurant?
—Maybe.We'llgo there if the show ______ before.But I don't knowif there ______ any free tables then.
A．will end，were B．willend，will be
C．ends，were D．ends，will be
2.﹣When is the 31stOlympic Games？
﹣It________ in Rio do Janciro of Brazil in August，2016．
A．held B．isheld C．will be held
试题分析：--第三十一届奥林匹克运动会是什么时间举行？--它将于2016年8月在巴西的里约热内卢举行。it指代的是三十一届奥林匹克运动会，它和谓语动词hold之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态。根据时间可知用将来时态，故选C。
过去完成时 过去完成时表示过去某一时间或某一动作发生之前已经完成的动作。简言之,过去完成时所表示的时间是“过去的过去”。
①过去完成时由“助动词had+动词的过去分词”构成。
②过去完成时时间状语有：by (yesterday), by then, by the end of (last…)
有时句子中会有already, just, once, ever, never等词语,也会有for… 或since…构成的时间状语。如：
They had already finished cleaning the classroom when their teacher came.(当老师来的时候他们已经打扫完了教室)[来源:学*科*网]
The woman had left before he realized she was a cheat.(在他发觉那个妇女是个骗子时她已经走掉了)
③过去完成时常用于宾语从句中、after引导的从句中,或者从句是before引导的主句中。如：
He said that he had never seen a kangaroo before.(他说他以前从来没有见过袋鼠)
【典型例题9】The student told me that he _______ the exam _______.[
B. had;the day before yesterday
C. had had; the day before
2.— Did you see Mr. Smith when you were in France?[来源:学。科。网]
— No. When I _______ France, he _______ to China.
A. had arrived in; had gone
试题分析：句意：当你在法国时，你看见史密斯先生了吗？——没有，当我到达法国时，他已经去了中国。结合语境可知下文时间状语从句中描述的是过去某时发生的动作，故用一般过去时态。主句描述的是过去某时之前已经完成的动作，故用过去完成时态。选C。学科·网
I.enjoy v 享受，享有；喜欢；欣赏 → enjoyable adj. 令人愉快的
enjoy oneself = have fun = have a good time玩得高兴，过得愉快
【典型例题10】Everyone in our class _____.
A. enjoys to swim B. enjoy to swim
C. enjoys swimming D. enjoy swimming
正：There’s danger ahead. 前面有危险。
误：There’s danger in [at]ahead.
The road ahead was full of sheep. 前面的路上全是羊。
He left one day ahead of me. 他比我早走一天。
He’s ahead of me in English. 他的英语比我强。
(3)用于 ahead of time, 意为“提前”或“提早”：
The work was done ahead of time. 工作提前完成了。
He finished his job ahead of schedule. 他提前完成了工作。
Go ahead, we are all listening. 继续讲吧，我们都在听呢!
【典型例题11】--What shall wedo with our project, stop or continue, sir?
--________and try to finish it _______.
A. Go ahead with it; ahead of time
B.Go on doing it; before time
C. Go on to do it; ahead of time
D. Continue to do it; before the time
III. She helped you to work out the answers yourself no matter howdifficult they were.她帮助你自己算出答案，无论它们有多难。
no matter常与疑问代词或疑问副词一起构成连词词组引导让步状语从句，意为“不管„„，无论„„”，在运用时应注意以下几点：
由no matterwhat/who/where/when„引导的从句往往用一般现在时或一般过去时。如：No matter who you are, youmust obey the rules. 无论你是谁，都应该遵守规则。
no matter what/whose/which修饰名词时，该名词必须紧跟其后；no matter how修饰形容词或副词时，该形容词或副词也必须紧跟其后。如：
No matter how hard he works,he find it difficult to make ends meet.
三、注意“no matter+疑问词”结构与“疑问词+ever”在用法上的区别
1. “no matter+疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句，这时可以和“疑问词+ever”互换。如：
No matter where he may be （=Wherever he maybe）, he will behappy. 他无论在什么地方都快乐。
2. 而“疑问词+ever”还可以引导名词性从句。如：
Give this book to whoeverlikes it. 谁喜欢这本书就给谁吧。（这里不能用no matter who。）
3. whoever既可引导名词性从句，又有在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等；whomever也可引导名词性从句，但只能在从句中作宾语。如：
You may invite whomever you like.
4. whatever表示“无论什么”，没有一定的范围限制；
whichever表示“无论哪一个、无论哪些”，其后可接一个名词。如：
Eat whichever cake you like
【典型例题12】1.We'll nevergive up working on the experiment (实验), ______ difficult it is.
A. no matter how B. no matter how many
C. no matter what D. no matter where
试题分析：句意：不管有多么难，我们绝不会放弃这个实验。A. no matter how无论怎样；B. no matter how many无论多少；C. no matter what无论什么；D. no matter where无论在哪。结合句意，故选A
2.____you get there, please be there in time,because_____ is late won't be admitted into the meeting hall.
A. No matter how; no matter who
B. However; no matter who
C. No matter how; whomever
考点：考察no matter+疑问词和疑问词+ever的区别.
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