初一我们就 开始接触和学习There be句型,初中三年,我们一直在和There be句型打交道,它贯穿在很多语法学习中,常考的有There be的各种时态、主谓一致以及反义疑问句。
今天,奇速君整理了关于There be的知识点以及60道经典例题,例题包含了初中三年There be句型的所有考点,一定要认真做做~
There be 句型是英语中常用句型, 意思是“有”,表示“人或事物的存在”或“某地有某物”。
其中there 是引导词,没有词义;be是谓语动词;“某人或某物”是句子的主语;“某地"作句子的状语,多是介词短语。
There is a football under the chair.
1)there be 结构中的谓语动词be在人称和数上应与其后的主语保持一致。主语是不可数名词或单数可数名词时用is,是复数时用are。
There is a flower in the bottle.
There is some money in the purse.
There are some books on the desk.
2)若句子中有几个并列的主语时, be的形式要与离其最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致(就近原则)。
There is a boy, a girl and two women in the house.
There are ten students and a teacher in the office.
“There be+主语(某人/某物)+介词短语”,表示“(在)某地有某人/某物”。这里的be的单复数形式要采取“就近一致”原则,即合靠近be的主语保持一致。
具体地说,there后面第一个主语,若是单数时,be就用is/was;若是复数时be就用are/were。
There are three people in my family.
There is a pen and two books on the desk.
“There be +not+主语+介词短语”。There be句型”的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其他句型一样,在be后加not或no即可,但要注意的是句中的some改成any.
1. There is a knife in the kitchen.
否定:There is not a knife in the kitchen.
2. There are five apples on the tree.
否定:There are not five apples on the tree.
3. There is some ink in the bottle.
否定:There is not any ink in the bottle.
4. There are some birds singing in the tree.
否定:There are not any birds singing in the tree.
There be否定句型中的not any与no可以互换。
注意not和no的不同:not是副词,no为形容词,所以not a/an/any+n.相当于no+n.。
1. There are not any books in the bag.
=There are no books in the bag.
2. There is no baby crying in the room.
=There is not any baby crying in the room.
3. There are no students in the classroom.
=There are not any students in the classroom.
4. There is not any milk in the bottle.
=There is no milk in the bottle.
在“There is/are...”的疑问句中,要把Be动词放在there之前,并将句号变问号。
否定回答为: No, there isn’t/aren’t.
There is an apple on the tree.
Is there an apple on the tree?
There are five pens on the desk.
Are there five pens on the desk?
There is some water in the cup.
Is there any water in the cup?
“There be句型”的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化:
1.对主语提问:当主语是人的时候,则用who 引导,当主语是物的时候,则用what引导。
注意:无论原句的主语是单数还是复数,对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。
There are many things over there.
There was a little girl in the room
There is a computer on the desk.
There were four children on the playground.
Where were the four children?
How many+复数名词+are/were (there)+介词短语?
There’re many children in the park.
How many children are(there)in the park?
How much+不可数名词+is/was there+介词短语?
There was little rain around the year.
How much rain was (there)around the year?
反义疑问句
There be的反义疑问句一般是以be作为反义疑问部分的助动词来用,它也遵循“前肯后否、前否后肯”的原则。
There is a cup on the table, isn't there?
该句前半句为肯定句,所以反义疑问句部分要采用否定的isn't。
There is no juice left in the bottle, is there?
该句前半句为否定句,所以反义疑问句部分要采用肯定的is。
there be句式的时态由其中的谓语动词be来体现,它可以有等多种时态形式:
There is still room for improvement.
There is nothing to be done now.
There is (some) milk in the fridge.
There’s going to be trouble.
There will be rain next week.
There will be bloodshed tonight.
There is going to be [will be] an English film tonight.
There was a lot to be done.
There wasn’t any change in him.
There was a third reason for haste.
There was nothing to fear from that quarter.
There were some children swimming in the river.
There have been a lot of inquiries.
There have been a lot of enquiries.
There have been many such accidents.
There had been many such occasions.
There had been two sea fights between them.
There had been two sea fights between them.
There would be endless rows if I was at home.
Then there would be a plebiscite.
其基本用法结构为:There+情态动词+be+名词主语+其他成分。
There may be a great exhibition in Shanghai next year.
There must be some cakes left in the box.
There used to be a hospital there before the war.
There be句型也可以和be going to 、seem to 、appear to 、used to、be likely to 、happen to等常用句型连用。
其基本用法结构为:There+特殊句型+be+名词主语+其他成分。
There seem to be a big difference between the twins.
There is going to be a film in the village tonight.
There is likely to be a snowstorm.
There happened to be a man nearby.
There appeared to have been a tragic accident last week.
There be结构中的be根据所表达的句意需要,有时会被替换为其他行为动词(come , live ,stand , lie,seem to be , happen to be 等)。
There came a breeze that his wife had eloped with her lover.
Once upon a time, there lived a princess who was very beautiful.
There seems to be a knife and a forkon the table.
1. there be句型表示某个时间或某个地方“存在”某人或某物;
而have表示主语“拥有”某人或某物。have表示“有”的时候,主语一般是人。
There is a cup on the table.
There are four students in the classroom.
There be句型在表示“有”的时候,是there be +sb/sth+时间/地点,Be要根据后面的sb.或sth来变换相应的形式,同时要注意到时态。
There was a meeting in this room yesterday.
而用have的时候,是sb./sth.+have+其他, have也要根据前面的主语和时态来变换相应形式。
I had a dream.我曾有个梦想。(过去时)
3.一般情况下,在表达“有”的时候二者不能随便替换。
但也有用there be 和have都可以的情况,“当一句话前后两者的关系属于部分和整体的关系的时候”,两种表达都可以。
=There are seven days in a week.
4.there be句型在根据后面名词变化的时候,通常因为涉及到单复数变化,be要变成is或are。但如果涉及到后面的sth出现既有单数又有复数的情况,那么be动词的变化,遵循“就近原则”。
说白了就是靠近be的那个sth是单数,be就变成is,是复数,就变成are.
There is an apple and some bananas on the table.
There are some bananas and one apple on the table.
There be 结构的非谓语动词形式是there to be 和there being 两种形式。在句中作主语、宾语和状语。
There being a bus stop near my house is a great advantage.
there to be可以用作expect、like、mean、intend、want、prefer等动词的复合宾语。
I expect there to be no argument about this.
People don't want there to be another war.
有时也会用作介词的宾语,其形式一般为there being。
I never dreamed of there being any good chance for me.
作状语时,通常采用“there being”结构。
There being no one to help me, I had to do it all alone.