高三复习已进入白热化状态。高考在即，如何备考英语语法填空呢? 本文提供一种精准备考的方法，希望对考生有所帮助。预祝2017年考生高考成功！

精准备考高考英语语法填空

张顺均

（阳江市阳东区第一中学）

一

真题演练

该部分共有7套语法填空真题，分别是：2016年全国I-III卷、2015年全国I-II卷、2014年全国I-II卷高考英语语法填空题，内容较多

二

精准总结

全国卷从2014年开始设置语法填空的题型。结合2014-2016年7套高考真题，得出以下几个规律。

必考：副词1个、连词1-2个、动词2-4个

1、常考结构：

（1）be+副词+ done，如be （official）given…

（2）动词+名词+副词，如we take short breaks （regular）.

give out that heat (slow)…

（3）连词+副词+动词，如which (gradual) turned into chopsticks.

（4）名词/代词+副词+动词，如it (actual) caught fire…

the crowd of strangers (sudden) became…

it (regular) arranges…

2、考法：形变副

3、考过的单词：actually (actual), suddenly (sudden), slowly(slow), earlier/before, officially (official), regularly (regular), gradually(gradual)

（1）考法：并列连词 and , or 从属连词（定语从句、状语从句、宾语从句）

（2）考过的连词：

①2次考查and，如 There were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious…

…Korea, and Vietnam…

②or，如：a few days or even a few months

③4次考查定语从句连词，如

…show in the mid-1980s, when I was the first Western TV reporter…

…Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C.

…the Li River that/which are pictured by…

…a habit that/which is driving…

④how+副词或形容词，如 …figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be…

⑤as 形容词/副词 as，如：…be as productive as possible before lunch.

"随着"或"当……时", 如As/When the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces…

动词

（1）考法：涉及主谓一致、时态、语态、非谓语。简称一致二态三非

（2）考过的动词：其中提示词be出现5次，make 出现2次，use 出现2次。

①动词原形，如…make（make）sure it’s a relief…

②第三人称单数，如：This cycle goes (go) day after day.

③过去式， 如：…when I arrived (arrive) in Yangshuo…

A boy on a bike caught (catch) my attention.

④Be动词考查，如：

Leaving the less important things until tomorrow is（be）often acceptable.

Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and were (be) too violent…

It was (be) unimaginable…

Yangshuo is (be) really beautiful.

⑤被动语态：如 …I was allowed（allow）to get up close to…

Truly elegant chopsticks might be made (make) of…

⑥现在分词：主要位于介词或后接doing的动词之后，如…will include introducing（introduce）British visitors…

Still, the boy kept riding (ride).

People probably cooked their food in large pots, using (use) twigs (树枝) to remove it.

without using (use) electric equipment

…worried about being (be) late for school.

…for people living (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.

⑦过去分词作后置定语。如：

I was the first Western TV reporter permitted（permit）…

A study of travelers conducted (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo…

The adobe dwellings (土坯房) built (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired…

⑧不定式，表目的或用于固定结构中（It took years of work to do; refuse to do, be+形容词+to do , be likely to do），如：

…you’ll be less likely to bring（bring）your work home.

Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal to create (create) special designs.

…are now cold enough to cool (cool) the house…

It took years of work to reduce (reduce) the industrial pollution…

…but he refused to stop (stop)…

⑨助动词用于疑问句， 如“ Did anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?”

（1）名词考查结构：

①冠词(the)+名词+动词(be)；

②形容词性物主代词(their)/形容词(top/many/few/recent)+名词；

③冠词(the)+名词+介词(of)；

④介词（of）+名词：

（2）考查方式及考过单词：

①名词单数变复数【changes(change), paintings (painting)，studies(study)】

②动词变名词单数【achievement (achieve)，development(develop)，attraction (attract)】

③形容词变名词【ability (able)】

形容词（2015年全国I卷，2016全国I卷、II卷没考）

（1）主要考查：形容词作定语修饰名词，形容词作表语

（2）形容词考查结构及考过的单词：

①比较级，如…greater (great) and less importance.

…is cleaner (clean) than ever.

②名词变形容词：

如：natural (nature) architects

Just be patient (patience).

③分词作形容词【过去分词（修饰人）作表语、现在分词（修饰物）作定语】，如：

…amazing (amaze) stories…

…some of them looked very anxious and disappointed(disappoint)…

介词（2014年全国I卷没考）

（1）主要是考查固定搭配，其中to 出现了2次

to (next to , go back to)

by (by bus)

at (at the same time)

on (focus on)

with (eat with hands)

冠词（2014年全国II卷，2015年全国I卷，2016年全国III卷没考）

（1）the出现3次：the (2次后接most, 1次后接other)

（2）a (for a while)

代词（2014年全国I卷，2015年全国II卷, 2016年全国II卷，2016年全国III卷没考）

（1）its出现2次：

作定语 如…its (it) mother…

…with its (it) choking smog…

（2）作表语 如：“Oh dear! It’s me/mine (I).”

三

精益求精

尽管高考真题已经做过N次了，但真题的确是不错的备考资料。如果能在真题的基础上深挖考点，能达到精益求精的效果。

此外，改错题也属于语法的范畴，精准备考语法填空的同时，也复习到了改错题，起到事半功倍的效果。

现以2016年全国乙卷为例（其中红色部分为高考原题考查内容），建议自行对其他的六套高考真题进行考点深挖。

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Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, 1. fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are 2. (it) top 3. （attract）.

So it was a great honour 4. (invite) backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money 5. (help) pay for research, I 6. （ allow ） to get up close 7. these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be 8. （ official ） given to me at

9. ceremony in London. But my connection 10. pandas goes back11. my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, 12. I was the first Western TV reporter 13. （permit）to film a special unit 14. (care) for pandas 15. (rescue) from 16. (starve) in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include17. （introduce）British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu 18. others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.

19. my recent visit, I help 20. lively three-month-old twin

21. had been rejected by 22. （it）mother. The nursery team

23. (switch) him every few 24. (day) with his sister so that

25. one is being bottle-fed, 26. other is with mum-she never

27. (suspect).

【答案】

1.and

2.its

3.attraction

4.to be invited

5.helps

6.was allowed

7.to

8.officially

9.a

10.with

11. to

12.when

13.permitted

14.caring

15.rescued

16.starvation

17.introducing

18.and

19.On

20.a

21.that

22.its

23.switches

24.days

25.while

26.the

27.suspects

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