今天小编为大家分享的是人教版课本必修5重点词汇、短语、句型和单元语法。
3. draw a conclusion 得出结论
1. What do you know about infectious diseases?
2. John Snow was a famous doctor in London – so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.
约翰•斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，因而成为维多利亚女王的私人大夫。
3. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.
但当他一想到要帮助患了霍乱的普通老百姓，他就感到很振奋。
4. Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood.
5. He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found.
6. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.
第二种看法是在吃饭的时候人们把这种病毒引入体内的。
7. John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence.
8. It seemed that the water was to blame.
9. He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used.
约翰•斯诺马上叫宽街上惊惶失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手，这样水泵就用不成了。
10. In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.
在伦敦的另一个地区，他从两个与宽街爆发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中又发现了有力证据。
作表语用的过去分词表示主语的特点或所处的状态，相当于形容词，强调主谓关系；被动语态表示动作，强调动宾关系,绝大多数被动结构中的行为执行者还可以用by短语来表示。
The store is now closed.(系表)
The library is usually closed at 8:00 p.m. (被动)
2. 某些过去分词作表语，多半用来表示人物所处的心理状态或情感变化, 其主语主要是人。
这类过去分词通常为下列过去分词: delighted, devoted, discouraged , astonished, frightened, excited, inspired, encouraged, interested, contented, pleased, puzzled, satisfied, tired, worried, ect .
作定语的过去分词相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。及物动词的过去分词作定语，既表被动又表完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表完成。
1. 过去分词用作定语，如果是单个的，置于其所修饰的名词之前。
We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.
2. 过去分词短语用作定语时，置于其所修饰的名词之后，其意义相当于一个定语从句，但较从句简洁，多用于书面语中。
The concert given by their friends was a success.
3. 过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语，前后常有逗号。
The meeting，attended by over five thousand people，welcomed the great hero.
5. to one’s credit 在…的名下，为…带来荣誉
1. How many countries does the UK consist of?
2. You can easily clarify this question if you study British history.
3. Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well.
令人高兴的是，这件事没有引起冲突就完成了，那时候苏格兰的詹姆斯国王也成为了英格兰和威尔士的国王。
4. However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government.
然而，爱尔兰的南部却不愿意而分离出去了，并建立了自己的政府。
5. To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas.
6. England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones.
在这四个国家中，英格兰最大，为了方便起见，它大致被分为了三个地区。
7. You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile.
如果你想要使你的英国之旅愉快又有意义，你就必须留心观察。
8. Worried about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London.
由于担心时间不够，张萍玉早就把她想在伦敦参观的地点列了一张单子。
9. It looked splendid when first built.
10. What interested her most was the longitude line.
扫码领取 同步微课及过关检测
过去分词作宾语补足语，说明宾语的状态或性质，过去分词所表示的动作和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系。
1. 表示感觉或心理状态的动词，如：see, hear, feel, watch, notice；think（认为）, consider, find等。
We saw the thief caught by the police.
We thought the game lost.
2. 表示“致使”或“保持某状态”意义的动词，如：make, get, have, keep, leave等。
Don’t leave such an important thing undone.
He had his hat blown away on his way home.
3. 表示“希望、要求、命令”等动词，如：want, wish, like, expect, order等。
I want the house white-washed before we move in.
He won’t like such questions discussed at the meeting.
"with +宾语+过去分词"结构中，过去分词用作介词with的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间，方式，条件，原因等状语。例如：
1. The murderer was brought in,with his hands tied behind his back.凶手被带进来了,他的双手被绑在背后.(表方式)
2. With water heated,we can see the steam.水一被加热,我们就会看到水蒸气.(表条件)
3. With the matter settled,we all went home.事情得到解决,我们都回家了.(表原因)
1. I have to remind myself constantly that I am really in AD 3008.
2. At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.
3. The air seemed thin, as though its combination of gases had little oxygen left.
空气似乎很稀薄，好像在混合的气体中剩下的氧气很少。
4. Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.
5. Soon I was back on my feet again and following him to collect a hovering carriage driven by computer.
很快我又重新振作起来，然后跟随他领取了一部由电脑控制的气垫车。
6. However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.
可是，当我们到达一个看上去像大市场的地方时，由于太多车子朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。
7. He was swept up into the center of them.
8. Arriving at a strange-looking house, he showed me into a large, bright clean room.
到了一幢看上去很奇怪的房子里，他把握带到一个明亮而清洁的大房间。
9. I found later that their leaves provided the room with much-needed oxygen.
后来我才发现，就是这些树的叶子为这栋房屋提供了最急需的氧气。
过去分词短语作状语，可表示时间，原因，条件等，可发展为一个状语从句。过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语。
1. 过去分词作时间状语相当于一个时间状语从句。例如：
Asked (When he was asked) what had happened, he lowered his head.
2. 过去分词作原因状语相当于一个原因状语从句。例如：
Frightened (=Because / As she was frightened) by the tiger, the girl didn't dare to sleep alone.
3. 过去分词作条件状语相当于一个条件状语从句。例如：
Grown (If these seeds are grown) in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.
4. 过去分词作让步状语相当于一个让步状语从句。例如：
Left (Although he was left) at home, John didn't feel afraid at all.
The teacher entered the classroom, (and he was) followed by a group of students.
1. Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.
周阳永远不会忘记他在一家知名的英语报报社第一天上班的工作任务。
2. You’ll find your colleagues very eager to assist you, so you may be able to concentrate on photography later if you’re interested.
你将会发现你的同事们会热情地帮助你，如果你对摄影感兴趣，以后你可以集中精力去钻研。
3. Not only am I interested in photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.
对摄影我不只是感兴趣，在大学里我还专修过业余摄影课来更新我的技术。
4. Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.
5. They must use research to inform themselves of the missing parts of the story.
6. Meanwhile you have to prepare the next question depending on what the persons said.
同时，你还要根据被采访人所说的话准备提出下一个问题。
7. Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick?
你们有没有过这样的情况：有人控告你的记者，说他们的报道完全失实呢？
8. This is how the story goes.
9. He denied taking money but we were sceptical.
10. It was a dilemma because the footballer could have demanded damages if we were wrong.
这事有些为难，因为如果我们错了，这名足球运动员就可以向我们索要赔偿。
8. over and over again 反复，多次
12. put one’s hands on 找到
15. make a difference 区别对待，有影响，起（重要）作用
1. Burns are called first degree, second degree or third degree burns depending on which layers of the skins are burnt.
根据皮肤烧伤的层次而有一度烧伤、二度烧伤和三度烧伤。
2. Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.
除非衣服黏贴在烧伤面上，否则如果必须的话就要用剪刀把衣物移除。
3. If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if possible.
如果烧伤的部位在臂部或腿部，可能的话，就要把他们抬高到高于心脏的位置。
4. …it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.
5. John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.
6. She was lying in her front garden bleeding very heavily.
7. He immediately asked a number of nearby people for bandages, …
8. He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived.
他使劲地按住伤口，使血流得慢些，一直等到警察和救护车的到来。
8. There is no doubt that Jon’s quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade’s life.
毫无疑问，是敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技术，使得斯莱德女士的生命得救了。
9. It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference. 这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。
