Unit 1 Friendship

核心单词

1. add vt.& vi. 增加；加；加起来；补充说； 又说

常用结构：

add to 增添；增加；增进

add ...to ...把……增添到……

add up 合计，相加

add up to 总数为；总计为

He added some wood to increase the fire.他添了一些木柴，使火更旺些。

If you add 4 to 3 you get 7.四加三得七。

I should like to add that we are pleased with the test result.我还要补充一下,我们对测试结果很满意。

I don't want to add to your troubles.我不想给你添麻烦。

He wrote down the weight of each stone and then added up all the weights.他把每一块石头的重量记下来，然后把所有的重量加在一起。

The figures add up to 137.这些数目加起来总和是137。

单项填空

①That's all I have to say. Is there anything you'd like to ,John?

A. talk B. require C. add D. deliver

②That is the very coin I need to my collection.

A. add up B. add in C. add on D. add to

①解析：选C。考查动词辨析。句意为：我要说的就是这些，约翰你还有什么要补充的吗？

②解析：选D。add to的意思是"添加到"。

 

 

2. upset adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的 vt. ( upset, upset) 使不安；使心烦；打翻；打乱

be upset by...被…… 打乱

upset oneself about sth.为某事烦恼

Our arrangements for the weekend were upset by her visit.她一来把我们周末的安排给打乱了。

Don't upset yourself — no harm has been done.不要难过——并没有造成任何伤害。

He was horribly upset over her illness.他为她的病而忧心忡忡。

The students really upset her. 学生们着实让她烦恼。

用upset的适当形式填空

①The food _______ my stomach.

②She felt rather ______ on hearing the news.

③Is it an ______ message?

④Don't be _________. It will be OK.

①upset ②upset ③upsetting ④upset

 

 

3. ignore vt. 不理睬；忽视

I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely. 我向她打招呼，可是她根本不理我。

He ignored the speed limit and drove very fast.他不顾时速限制，把车开得飞快。

ignorant adj. (对某事物）不了解的；无知的；无学识的

be ignorant of/about sth.不知道；没有意识到

ignorance n.无知；愚昧；不知道

be in ignorance of/about sth. 不知道某事

易混辨析

ignore/neglect/overlook

ignore 通常指有意不顾，或不理会显而易见的事物。

neglect 侧重指有意的忽略或忽视，也可指粗心与疏忽。

overlook指因匆忙而疏忽或视而不见。

（1）用ignore/neglect/overlook的适当形式填空

①We could not afford to ________ such a serious offence.

②He utterly ______ my warnings and met with an accident.

③Don't _______ to pay him a visit now and then.

(1)①overlook ②ignored ③neglect

（2）单项填空

—So you didn't say hello to him last night?

—Well, I stopped and smiled when I saw him, but he _____ me and walked on.

A. Ignored B. refused C. denied D. missed

解析：选A。答句句意为：我看到他就停下来冲他微笑，但是他没理我就走了。ignore不理睬，忽视；refuse拒绝；deny否认，拒绝给予；miss怀念，错过。

 

 

4. concern n. ［U］关心，担心，担忧；［C］有利害关系的事 vt. 涉及，关系到，参与；使担心

concerning prep. 关于

concerned adj.有关的；担心的

concern sb.与某人有关

be concerned with sth.牵涉，与……有关；参与

concern oneself with 关心

be concerned about/for/over sth.担心；关心某事

as/so far as ... be concerned关于；至于；就……而言

As far as I am concerned, you can go wherever you want.就我而言，你什么时候走都行。

We read stories concerning visitors from outer space.我们读了关于天外来客的故事。

I was very concerned about my mother's illness.我很担心母亲的病情。

1）单项填空

The meeting was concerned ______ reforms and everyone present was concerned _______ their own interests.

A. with; for B. for; which C. for; about D. about; with

2）用concern的适当形式填空

①There is an article _______ that the rise of the prices.

②The children are rather ________ about their mother's health.

③Officials should ______ themselves _______ public affairs.

1)解析：选A。句意为：这次会议牵涉到改革，在场的每个人都很担心自己的利益。be concerned with 牵涉到,和……有关；be concerned for/about 担心；关心。

2)①concerns ②concerned ③concern；with

 

 

5. settle vi. 安家；定居；停留 vt. 使定居；安排；解决

Both wanted to settle their scores.双方都愿意尽弃前嫌。

常用结构：

settle down 镇定下来

settle in 在……定居

He settled his child in a corner of the compartment.他把孩子安顿在车厢的一个角落里。

The family has settled in Canada.这家人已定居加拿大。

单项填空

①—Do you know anyone in Paris?

—No. I'll make friends once ______.

A. I'm settled B. I have settled C. I'll be settled D. I'm settling

②The brake of your bicycle has come loose. You'd better ______ it .

A. settle B. fix C. pick D. correct

①解析：选A。settle作"安家"讲时，既可用settle，也可用be settled。本题是由once(一旦)引起的时间状语从句，故用一般现在时表将来。

②解析：选B。由句意可知，因为自行车的车闸坏了，因此要"修理"。

 

 

6. suffer vt. 遭受；忍受；蒙受 vi.后接from/for意为"受……之苦"，"患……疾病"

常用结构：

suffer an attack/a defeat/losses/pains遭受打击/失败/损失/痛苦

He suffered hard pains from the accident.他忍受着事故带来的痛苦。

Do you suffer from headaches? 你经常头痛吗?

She's suffering from loss of memory. 她患有遗忘症。

sufferer n. 受苦者，受难者

suffering n.痛苦，苦难

1）单项填空

In the countryside there are many dropouts (辍学者). I think the difficulty _______ the poor economic conditions.

A. lies in B. result in C. leads to D. suffers from

2）翻译句子

我们在金融危机中损失惨重。

1)解析：选A。考查短语辨析。lie in在这里相当于because of。

2)We suffered huge losses in the financial crisis.

重点短语

7. go through 经历；经受；检查；浏览；用完；做完

The country has gone through too many wars.这个国家经历了太多的战争。

She's gone through a bad patch recently.她最近经历了一段困难时期。

Have you gone through all your money already?你把所有的钱都花完了吗？

I went through the students' papers last night.昨晚我仔细阅读了学生的试卷。

联想拓展

go after追求；追赶

go ahead 前进；请说（做）吧

go by走过；（时间）过去

go along with向前；（与......)一起去

go in for爱好；从事

go out 外出；（灯，火）熄灭

go over 越过；复习

go through with 做完；完成

go up 爬上；（价格等）上升

单项填空

①We'd better try to _______ with the experiment, I think. Now let's with it.

A. go through; go on B. go on; go over C. go over; go through D. go on; go through

②If a person has taken too much medicine by mistake, you should make the person _____.

A. go up B. rise up C. throw up D. set up

①解析：选A。go through with sth.意思是"做完，完成"；go on with 意思是"继续"。

②解析：选C。throw up的意思是"呕吐；吐出"。

 

 

8. get sth.done让别人做某事/使得某事被做

done是过去分词作宾语补足语，与have sth. done句型的用法一样。

get sb./sth. doing使某人/某事物……起来

get sb. to do sth.使/让某人做某事

get done （状态的改变）get作系动词，相当于be

get away逃脱；离开

get back回来；取回

get by维持生活；通过

get down to sth./doing sth.开始认真做某事

get in进站；到达；收集

get off下来；下车

get on上车；进展；进步

get cross(对……)生气，发脾气

get in one's way挡路，妨碍

get used to doing sth.习惯做某事

get involved in涉及

get in touch with和……取得联系

get it了解，懂得，明白

1）单项填空

The final examination is coming up soon. It's time for us to _____ our studies.

A. get down to B. get out C. get back for D. get over

2）完成句子

①讲解后，老师让我们思考起问题来。

Shortly after the explanation the teacher got us _____.

②我们将很快为你订制一套新衣服。

We will get a new suit ______ for you.

③她试图使他说话。

She tried to get him ________ .

1)解析：选A。该题根据交际情景考查短语动词的用法。根据题意，此处指开始认真学习，故选A。get down to开始认真考虑，符合题意。get out出去，离开，逃脱，泄露；get back for回来，恢复；get over爬过；克服，熬过；恢复，原谅。故B、C、D三项均不符合题意。

2)①thinking ②made ③to talk

 

 

9. set down放下；记下；登记

Passengers may be set down and picked up only at the official stops.乘客只有在正式车站方可上下车。

联想拓展

set about (doing sth.) 着手（做某事）

set out (to do sth.)开始，着手(做某事)

set aside留出；不顾

set back（把钟等）往回拨；推迟

set free释放；解放

set off动身，出发（去某地）；使爆炸

set out动身，出发；安排，组织

set up开办；建立；设立

set an example to树立榜样

set fire to ...= set ... on fire纵火烧

be set in以……为背景

The bad weather set back the building programme by several weeks.由于天气恶劣，建筑计划延误了好几个星期。

We need to set about finding a solution.我们得着手寻找一个解决办法。

温馨提示

set about 和set out都可作"开始/着手做某事"讲，但set about 后加doing sth.， 而set out后加 to do sth.。

单项填空

As soon as he got to the office, he _____ the students' papers.

A. got down to correct B. got down to correcting C. set down to correcting D. sit down to correcting

解析：选B。get down to意思是"着手做某事"，其中to是介词，后跟名词或动名词。

 

 

10. on purpose故意

The boy broke Jack's window on purpose. He wanted to frighten Jack.那男孩是故意打破杰克的窗玻璃的，他想吓一下杰克。

联想拓展

purpose n. 目的，用途；目标；重要意义

for the purpose of 为了……

to little/no purpose 作用不大/徒劳

The purpose of the book is to provide a complete guide to the university.这本书的目的是全面介绍这所大学。

用purpose的适当形式或短语填空

①He didn't do it _____.

②What was your _____?

①on purpose ②purpose

 

 

11. join in参加；加入

They didn't have enough time to join in the activity.他们没有足够的时间来参加这个活动。

联想拓展

join sb. in sth.与某人一起做某事

join up入伍；参军

join up with sb.与某人联合；会合

join hands with sb.与某人拉起手来；合伙；联合

Will you join me in a walk? 你愿意和我一起散步吗？

Let us join hands in friendship.让我们携手共建友谊吧。

易混辨析:join in/join/take part in/attend

join in 参加正在进行着的活动。如游戏、讨论、辩论、谈话等。

join ①参加某组织或团体，并成为其中一员;②来和某人待在一起。

take part in 参加会议或有组织的群众性活动，并在其中发挥一定的作用。

attend 正式用语，指参加会议、仪式、婚礼、葬礼、上课、上学、听报告等，句子的主语是去听去看，自己不一定起积极作用，相当于be present。

用join/join in/take part in/attend的适当形式填空

①I decided to _____ the club to have dance training.

②Would you like me _______ to the game?

③I _______ a meeting last month.

④I will have to ______ his funeral next week.

①join ②join in ③took part in/attended ④attend

重点句型

12. ...but your friend can't go until he/she finishes cleaning his/her bicycle.……但是你的朋友不把自行车弄干净不能走。

not ... until 意为"直到……才"，表示主句谓语的动作直到until状语的时间才发生，主句的谓语动词表示的是动作的开始。until引导从句时，如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动作，则主句用肯定式；如果主句中的谓语动词是短暂性动词，则用否定形式。

"It is/was not until+被强调的部分+that ..."相当于"Not until ... did (does, do, is ...)+主语 ..."意为"直到……才"，是强调形式。

You must stay in bed until your temperature is normal.体温正常后，你才能起床。

He didn't leave until the meeting was over.直到会议结束他才离开。

It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a film star.

=Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a film star.

=I didn't realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.

直到她摘下墨镜我才认出她是一位电影明星。

单项填空

①Not until ________, _________settle the problem.

A. he returns; can we B. he returns; we can C. does he returns; we can D. does he return; we can

②It was _________________ back home after the experiment.

A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn't go

C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn't go

①解析：选A。当not until位于句首时句子需倒装。句意为：直到他回来我们才能解决这个问题。

②解析：选C。强调句型It is/was ...that对not until ...进行强调时，需把not until ...放到强调结构中，故选C。

 

 

13. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.遛狗的时候，你太大意了，一松手，狗就被车撞了。

while walking the dog是连词while加现在分词短语结构，强调分词的动作正在发生，相当于while you were walking the dog。在时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中，如果从句的主语与主句的主语一致，谓语含有系动词be，可以省略从句的主语和系动词be。

When crossing the street, you should be careful.过马路时，你应当小心。

If heated, water can be turned into vapour.如果受热，水会变成蒸气。

温馨提示

在状语从句中，如果从句的主语为it时，也可以将it和助动词be省略。

Whenever possible they would stop him and ask the three questions.可能的话，他们就让他停下问他这三个问题。

单项填空

① _______ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.

A. Compares B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared

② _________ the two systems, little man found the latter advantageous.

A. Compare B. When compared C. Compared D. When comparing

①解析：选D。考查状语从句的省略用法。在状语从句中，如果从句的主语与主句的主语相同或者主语为it时，可以将从句中的主语或者it和助动词be省略。本句是将状语从句"When it is compared with the size of the whole earth"中的it is省略，因此正确答案为D。

②解析：选D。考点省略。在状语从句中，当从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，通常采用省略形式。句中的little man与compare之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故选D。

 

 

14. I wonder if it's because I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long that I've grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。

此句中的it's ...that是强调句型。关于强调句型，我们需要掌握以下几点：

1）强调句型的基本结构：

"It is/was+被强调的成分+that/who+其他成分"用来强调主语、宾语和状语等成分。that只起连接作用，不作成分，但不能省略。当被强调部分为sb.作宾语时，可用who,也可用that,其他情况一律用that。强调主语时，that后的谓语动词必须与被强调的主语在人称与数上保持一致。

2）特殊句式中的强调句型：

①如果强调的是特殊疑问句中的疑问词，表示"到底"、"究竟"等语气时，就用如下结构：

"特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that/who+该句的其余部分"，that/who后只能使用陈述语序。

②在"not ...until"结构中，由until所引导的短语（或从句）作时间状语时，要用固定的强调句型："It+is/was+not until ...+that+该句的其余部分"，that所引导的从句中的谓语动词用肯定式。

3）强调句型要注意和it代表时间、距离、温度、自然现象、具体事物或人物等时所构成的各种句型的区别。判断是否是强调句，可采用"还原法"。如果还原为一般句式后，句子各种成分完整，则是强调句，否则不是。

It was three o'clock when I got home.我到家的时候三点。

It was at three o'clock that I got home.三点钟我到的家。

It was in his town that he was brought up.他是在镇上被养大的。（强调句）

It was this town where/in which he was brought up.这是他被抚养长大的城镇。（定语从句）

4）英语中常用助动词do, does或did强调谓语。

He did go to the airport yesterday, but he didn't find you.他昨天确实去了机场，但他没有找到你。

It is I that/who am going for a holiday with Mary.是我跟玛丽一块儿去度假。

When is it that we will have a meeting?我们什么时候开会？

单项填空

It is in that poor village, ___________ Mary lived and worked 15 years ago, _________ she will build her first school, which inspires everyone to help her.

A. where; when B. that; that C. that; when D. where; that

解析：选D。句意为：就是在那个她生活和工作了15年的贫穷的村庄，玛丽将要建起她的第一座学校，这一点鼓舞了人们来帮她。第一空为where引导的非限制性定语从句，第二空填that,构成强调句型，强调地点状语。

 

 

15. I don't want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do ...我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账……

as引导的从句为比较状语从句，意为"像大多数人那么做"。

as 用作连词，可引导下列状语从句：

①引导时间状语从句，强调主句谓语与从句谓语的同时性；

②引导让步状语从句，表示"尽管，虽然，即使"（从句需倒装）；

③引导方式状语从句，表示"以……方式"；

④引导原因状语从句 (=since; because)，意为"由于，因为"；

⑤引导比较状语从句。

As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening.随着他年纪越来越大，他失去了对所有事物的兴趣，除了园艺。

Cold as it is, my brother wears only a shirt.尽管天气冷，我哥哥只穿了一件衬衫。

Why didn't you take the medicine as I told you to?为什么你没有按我说的来服这种药？

As you were not there, I left a message.因为当时你不在那，所以我给你留了便条。

She is as tall as you. 她和你一样高。

单项填空

① _________ as he is, he speaks English well.

A. Little child B. A little child C. The little child D. Child little

②In some countries, _______ are called "public schools" are not owned by the public.

A. which B. as C. what D. that

①解析：选B。 在让步状语从句中，作表语的名词如果提前，该名词常省去冠词，但若名词前有修饰语时，就不省略冠词。

②解析：选C。考查what引导的主语从句。what在主语从句中作主语。句意为：在许多国家，所谓的公立学校并非公众拥有。

 

 

16. ...it was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face ... ……这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚……

如果前面是"it (will be)is/this (will be)is/that (will be)is+the first/second time that ..."句式，表示"某人第几次做某事"。其中,that引导的是定语从句，后面句子的时态用现在完成时；如果前面是it (would be)was ..., 后面则用过去完成时。

It is the first time that I have come to Zhuhai.这是我第一次来珠海。

It was the second time that she had visited London.那是她第二次游览伦敦。

温馨提示

如果time前有last修饰，此时我们一般不用完成时态。注意：the first time可起从属连词的作用，引导时间状语从句；for the first time意为"第一次"单独用作状语。

This is the last time that I shall give you a lesson.这是我最后一次给你们上课了。

1)单项填空

①It's the third time _____ late this week.

A. that you are B. you are C. when you arrived D. that you have been

②It was for the first time that he _______ to the party.

A. invited B. had been invited C. has been invited D. was invited

2)翻译句子

This will be the second time that I have been to the Great Wall.

1）①解析：选D。"It is the +序数词+time+ that从句"为固定句型，从句谓语动词必须用现在完成时。

②解析：选D。it was ...that是强调结构，句中强调状语"for the first time"故选D。

2）这将会是我第二次去长城。

 

 

17. Mom asked her if (whether) she was very hot with so many clothes on.妈妈问她穿那么多衣服是不是很热。

with复合结构：

with + 宾语+ v. –ing / v. –ed / to do / adj. / adv. / prep. phrases

由“介词with+宾语+宾语补足语” 构成的复合结构在句中通常作为状语，表示背景情况，为方式，原因或条件等，另外，该结构也可以作为定语使用。下面简述几种情况：

a) 如果在该结构中的分词表示的动作是由前面的名词或代词发出的，构成主谓关系，该分词用现在分词形式。

b) 如果分词表示的动作与前面的名词或代词构成动宾关系，该分词用过去分词形式。

c) 宾语补足语也可以使用介词短语，形容词或副词来充当。

1)with + 宾语 + 副词，如：

The square looks more beautiful with all the lights on (= while all the lights are on).

With his parents away (= As his parents are away), Tom becomes more naughty.

2)with + 宾语 + 介词短语，如：

The teacher came in with a book in his hand (= while a book was in his hand).

The girl looked up with tears in her eyes (= while tears were in her eyes).

3)with + 宾语 + 现在分词，如：

With summer corning (= As summer is corning), the weather is becoming hotter and hotter.

With the teacher standing beside (= As the teacher was standing beside)，she felt a bit uneasy.

4)with + 宾语 + 过去分词，如：

With the work done (= As the work had been done), she felt greatly relieved.

With his hair cut (= As his hair has been cut), he looks much younger.

5)with + 宾语 + 不定式，如：

With her to go with us (= As she will go with us), we're sure to have a pleasant journey.

With Mr Smith to teach them English next term（= As Mr Smith will teach them English) , they will be greatly improved in spoken English.

中译英：

1. 那房子昨晚发生火灾，结果里面的东西都烧光了。

2. 下学期史密斯先生教他们英语，他们的口语会大有提高

3. 随着冬天的到来，天气越来越冷。

答案：1. The house caught a big fire last night , with nothing left in it.

2. With Mr Smith to teach them English next term , they will be greatly improved in spoken English.

3. With winter corning, the weather is becoming colder and colder.

单词记忆

1、dusty['dʌsti] adj. 积满灰尘的

【助记】dust（灰尘）+y表形容词。

【英释】If places, roads, or other things outside are dusty, they are covered with tiny bits of earth or sand, usually because it has not rained for a long time.

【例句】They started strolling down the dusty road in the moonlight. 在月光下他们开始沿着满是尘土的路漫步。

2、no longer / not … any longer 不再……

【例句】I no longer have any objection to your going to see her.我不会再因为你去见她而不高兴。

3、partner ['pɑ:tnə] n. 伙伴；合作者；合伙人

【助记】part部分+n+er表人→其中一部分的人物，伙伴，合作者。

【英释】Your partner is the person you are doing something with, for example dancing with or playing with in a game against two other people.

【例句】My partner for the event was the marvelous American player.那场比赛我的搭档是那位了不起的美国选手。

4、settle ['setl] vi. 安家；定居；停留vt. 使定居；安排；解决

【助记】set（设置，安置）+tle（加强意思）→安排，解决。

【英释】If people settle an argument or problem, or if something settles it, they solve it, for example by making a decision about who is right or about what to do.

【例句】Both sides are looking for ways to settle their differences.双方都在寻求消除分歧的方法。

5、suffer ['sʌfə] vt. & vi. 遭受；忍受；经历

suffer from 遭受；患病

【助记】suf→sub (底下的）+fer-offer提供→底下做小动作，遭受。

【英释】If you suffer pain, you feel it in your body or in your mind.

【例句】You must have suffered from a cold.你一定是感冒了。

6、loneliness ['ləunlinis] n. 孤单；寂寞

【助记】lonely（孤独地）+ness（名词化后缀）。

【英释】Loneliness is the unhappiness that is felt by someone because they do not have any friends or do not have anyone to talk to.

【例句】I have so many friends, but deep down, underneath, I have a fear of loneliness.我虽然有很多朋友，但心底里还是惧怕寂寞。

7、highway['haiwei] n. 公路；大路

【助记】high （高的）+way（道路）→高速

【英释】A highway is a main road, especially one that connects towns or cities.

【例句】I crossed the highway, dodging the traffic.我避开车流穿过了公路。

8、recover[ri'kʌvə] vi. & vt. 痊愈；恢复；重新获得

【助记】re再+cover包含→再一次包含了你的东西，重新获得。

【英释】When you recover from an illness or an injury, you become well again.

【例句】He is recovering from a knee injury.他的膝伤正在康复。

9、get/be tired of ... 对……厌烦

【例句】The Beatles— I never get tired of listening to them.甲壳虫乐队——我是百听不厌.

10、pack[pæk] vi. & vt. 捆扎；包装；打行李n. 小包；包裹

pack (sth) up将（东西）装箱打包

【助记】和back（背）通转，背上back背着包裹pack。

【英释】When you pack a bag, you put clothes and other things into it, because you are leaving a place or going on holiday.

【例句】When I was 17, I packed my bags and left home.17岁时，我背起行囊离开了家。

【例句】He'd left me to pack up the mail and post it off.他让我整理并投递邮件。

11、suitcase ['sju:tkeis] n. 手提箱；衣箱

【助记】suit一套西装+case箱子→放西服的箱子，衣箱。

【英释】A suitcase is a box or bag with a handle and a hard frame in which you carry your clothes when you are travelling.

【例句】It did not take Andrew long to pack a suitcase.安德鲁很快就整理好了手提箱。

12、overcoat ['əuvəkəut] n. 大衣；外套

【助记】over上面+coat大衣→穿到最外（上）面的衣服，大衣。

【英释】An overcoat is a thick warm coat that you wear in winter.

13、teenager ['ti:n,eidʒə] n. 十几岁的青少年

【助记】teen十几+age年龄+er→十几岁年龄的人，青少年

【英释】A teenager is someone who is between thirteen and nineteen years old.

【例句】As a teenager he attended Tulse Hill Senior High School.十几岁时，他上了塔尔斯山高中。

14、get along with 与……相处；进展

【英释】If you get along with someone, you have a friendly relationship with them. You can also say that two people get along.

【例句】It's impossible to get along with him.根本无法跟他和睦相处。

15、gossip ['ɡɔsip] vi. & n. 闲话；闲谈

【助记】谐音”告死不“，让你说闲话，不告死你，不罢休。

【英释】Gossip is informal conversation, often about other people'sprivate affairs.

【例句】He spent the first hour talking gossip.他头一个小时都在闲聊。

16、fall in love相爱；爱上

【例句】Slowly but surely she started to fall in love with him.虽然过程缓慢，但她无疑开始爱上他了。

17、exactly [iɡ'zæktli] adv. 确实如此；正是；确切地

【助记】ex-out出+act行动→行动有了好的结果，说明行动是正确的。Exact+ly。

【英释】You use exactly before an amount, number, or position toemphasize that it is no more, no less, or no different from what you arestating.

【例句】Each corner had a guard tower, each of which was exactly ten meters in height. 每个角落都有一座警戒塔，每座警戒塔正好10米高。

18、disagree[,disə'ɡri:] vi. 不同意

【助记】dis(不，否定前缀）+agree（同意）→不同意。

【英释】If you disagree with someone or disagree with what they say, you do not accept that what they say is true or correct. You can also say that two people disagree .

【例句】They can communicate even when they strongly disagree.即便在有很大分歧时，他们也还是能够交流。

19、grateful ['ɡreitful] adj. 感激的；表示谢意的

【助记】grate（感激）+ful(形容词后缀）。Grateful to sb for sth.

【英释】If you are grateful for something that someone has given you or done for you, you have warm, friendly feelings towards them and wish to thank them.

【例句】She was grateful to him for being so good to her.他对她这么好，令她很感激。

20、dislike [dis'laik] n. & vt. 不喜欢；厌恶

【助记】dis(不，否定前缀）+like(喜欢）→不喜欢。

【英释】If you dislike someone or something, you consider them to be unpleasant and do not like them.

【例句】David began to dislike all his television heroes who smoked.戴维开始讨厌所有他曾喜欢的吸烟的电视偶像了。

21、join in参加；加入

【英释】If you join in an activity, you take part in it or become involved in it.

【例句】I hope that everyone will be able to join in the fun.我希望每个人都能够加入进来，玩得开心。

22、tip[tip] n. 提示；技巧；尖；尖端；小费vt. 倾斜；翻倒

【助记】来自top （顶），最上面的就是尖端的，提示都在最上面。

【英释】The tip of something long and narrow is the end of it.

【例句】The sleeves covered his hands to the tips of his fingers.袖子遮住了他的手，一直盖到指尖。

【英释】If you tip something somewhere, you pour it there.

【例句】Tip the vegetables into a bowl.把蔬菜倒进碗里。

23、secondly ['sekəndli] adv. 第二；其次

【英释】You say secondly when you want to make a second point or give a second reason for something.

【例句】You need, firstly, a strong independent board of directors and secondly, an experienced and dedicated staff.你首先需要一个强大的独立董事会，其次需要一批富有经验并且爱岗敬业的员工。

24、swap[swɔp, swɔ:p] vt. 交换

【助记】可能来自slap击掌拟声词。表示击掌表示赞同，生意谈成。

【英释】If you swap one thing for another, you remove the first thing and replace it with the second, or you stop doing the first thing and start doing the second.

【例句】Despite the heat, he'd swapped his overalls for a suit and tie.尽管很热，他还是脱掉工作服换上了西装和领带。

【英释】If you swap something with someone, you give it to them and receive a different thing in exchange.

【例句】I'd gladly swap places with mummy any day.什么时候让我和妈妈交换角色我都愿意。

25、item['aitəm] n. 项目；条款； 商品

【助记】it （信息技术）的项目（item)。

【助记】谐音“爱她妈”→爱她妈，就给他妈买点东西（商品）。

【英释】An item is one of a list of things for someone to do, deal with, or talk about.

【例句】The other item on the agenda is the tour.日程中的另一项是旅游。

26、go through 经历；经受

【英释】If you go through an experience or a period of time, especially an unpleasant or difficult one, you experience it.

【例句】He was going through a very difficult time.他正处于非常艰难的时期。

27、Jewish['dʒu:iʃ]adj.犹太人的；犹太族的

28、German['dʒə:mən]adj.德国的；德国人的；德语的 n.德国人；德语

29、Nazi ['na:zi]n. 纳粹党人adj. 纳粹党的

30、set down 记下；放下；登记

【英释】If you set down your thoughts or experiences, you write them all down.

【例句】Old Walter is setting down his memories of village life.老沃尔特正在写他乡村生活的回忆录。

31、series ['siəri:z] n. 连续；系列

a series of ... 一连串的；一系列；一套

【英释】A series of things or events is a number of them that come one after the other.

【例句】a series of explosions. 一连串的爆炸事件

32、outdoors['aut'dɔ:z] adv. 在户外；在野外

【助记】out(外面)+door(门)→门外面，户外

【英释】If something happens outdoors, it happens outside in the fresh air rather than in a building.

【例句】It was warm enough to be outdoors all afternoon.天气很暖和，整个下午都可以呆在户外。

33、spellbind ['spelbaind] vt. 迷住；迷惑

【助记】spell（魔法）+bind（绑住）→被魔法绑住了，迷住了。

【例句】The acrobats held the audience spellbound.杂技演员们使观众看呆了。

34、on purpose 故意

【例句】I came here on purpose to see you.我特地来这里看你。

35、in order to为了……

【例句】Clearly, the police cannot break the law in order to enforce it.显然，警方不能为了执法而犯法。

36、dusk[dʌsk] n. 黄昏；傍晚

at dusk 在黄昏时刻

【助记】dusk（傍晚）desk（桌子）上有只duck（鸭子）。

【助记】dark黑和dusk黄昏互通。

【英释】Dusk is the time just before night when the daylight has almost gone but when it is not completely dark.

【例句】We arrived home at dusk.我们傍晚到家。

37、thunder ['θʌndə] vi. 打雷；雷鸣 n. 雷；雷声

【助记】th发音为”死“+under（下面）→雷下面找死。

【英释】Thunder is the loud noise that you hear from the sky after a flash of lightning, especially during a storm.

【例句】There was frequent thunder and lightning, and torrential rain.雷电交加，大雨倾盆。

38、entire [in'taiə] adj. 整个的；完全的；全部的

entirely [in'taiəli] adv. 完全地；全然地；整个地

【助记】en加强+tire-fire开火→向全部开火，全部的消灭。

【英释】You use entire when you want to emphasize that you are referring to the whole of something, for example, the whole of a place, time,or population.

【例句】He had spent his entire life in China as a doctor.他一生都在中国当医生。

39、power [pauə] n. 能力；力量；权力

【助记】power-tower 塔，塔就象征着权力。比如大雁塔，佛教的力量。

【英释】If someone has power, they have a lot of control over people and activities.

【例句】She interviewed six women who have reached positions of great power and influence.她采访了6名身居高位，并且颇具影响力的女士。

40、face to face 面对面地

【例句】It was the first face-to-face meeting between the two men.这是两人首次当面会晤。

41、curtain ['kə:tən] n. 窗帘；门帘；幕布

【助记】curt-court法庭+ain表名词→法庭开庭前的幕布。

【英释】Curtains are large pieces of material which you hang from the top of a window.

【例句】Her bedroom curtains were drawn.她卧室的窗帘拉上了。

 

 

课文佳句背诵与仿写

1.【原句】I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事情都无比狂热。

句子结构： wonder ＋if 表语从句 ＋ so …that从句

【模仿1】我不知道是否因为我的卤莽使得史密夫先生对我这么生气。

答案：I wondered if it was because I was so rude that Mr Smith was so angry with me.

【模仿2】他在想是否因为她的朋友对她很关心所以她的心情才平复下来。

答案：He wonders whether it is because her friends are so concerned about her that she has calmed herself down.

2．【原句】I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. (定语从句) 我记得非常清楚，以前，湛蓝的天空，鸟儿的歌唱，月光和鲜花，从未令我心迷神往过。自从我来到这里，这一切都变了。

句子结构： It is/was a time when …There is /was a time when…This/That is/was a time when…

【模仿1】我还记得这对他来说是一个艰难的时期，他遭受到了身心的打击。

答案：I can well remember it was a hard time when he suffered a lot physically and mentally.

【模仿2】在中国历史上,曾经有过一段时期中国鼓励与世界其他国家进行贸易。

答案：In Chinese history, there was a time when China encouraged trade with the rest of the world.

3. 【原句】It was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face. 这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。

句子结构： It is/was the first (second…) time that sb + 现在完成时/过去完成时：这是某人第几次做某事

【模仿1】这是我们第一次面对面地谈论到这件事情。

答案：It is the first time that we have talked about this issue face to face.

【模仿2】这是他第二次参与怎样解决这个问题的讨论。

答案：It was the second time that he had joined in the discussion about how to do with the problem.

 

 

 

 

 

 

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