一、表示问候(Expressing greetings)
1、直接问候
①一般打招呼用语,答语通常是重复对方的话
Hello.你好!Hi嗨!Good morning(afternoon, evening)早上(下午、晚上)好
② 您好!初次见面打招呼的用语How do you do?/ Glad to meet you.
答语也是“How do you do?/ Glad to meet you.”
③对有一段时候没有见面的熟人可选用这些句型:How are you?/How have you been?你(您)好吗?
答语往往是:“Fine, thank you. And you?”
④向认识但不常见面的人打招呼,可选用这些表达法。How’s everything with you?/How is everything going?/ How are you getting on?近来怎么样?
答语可用:“Pretty well/Very well/Everything is OK/Not too bad
⑤对于不认识想要叫他(她)停下来时,可选用这些说法:Hey, sir(madam)喂,先生(小姐)/Just a moment, sir(madam)等一下,先生(小姐) 注意:此时不能说:“Hey! You!”
2、间接问候
① Please give one’s(one’s代表不同人称的物主代词)regards/best wishes/ love to...请向某人问好/请向某人致意。
②“Say hi/hello to...(from me)”意为“向……致意/问候”。这相当于Please give my best regards/wishes to...(请代我向……问好)的意思。
对于上述问候,其答语为:Of course/Sure, I will等。
二、感谢与应答(Thanks and responses)
Thank you/ Thanks谢谢!/ Thank you very much非常感谢!/ Thank you so much/ Thanks a lot多谢 / Thank you very much indeed 应该好好感谢你 / Thanks a million万分感谢!/ I don’t know how to thank you真不知该怎样感谢你/I’m really grateful to you.非常感谢你!/That’s most kind of you你心眼儿真好/You’re kind! 你真好。
如果别人想为你办事,可你觉得不必麻烦他或者别人替你办事没有办成但你还要感谢他,这时你可以说:
Thank you just the same.同样感谢你的好意 / Thank you all the same.同样得感谢你 / It’s very considerate of you.你考虑得真周到!/ It’s most thoughtful of you.你想得真周到!
在回答别人的感谢时,常说:
You’re welcome不客气 / Not at all 没事儿 / Don’t mention it 不用谢 / It’s my pleasure 我很乐意. / No trouble at all 一点也不麻烦 / It was the least I could do 这是我应该做的/ I’m glad I could do it.我很高兴能这么做 / That’s all right.没关系,不用谢 / I’m delighted to have been able to do that for you 能为你效劳我很高兴 / It’s really nothing at all 算不了什么,不用谢
三、道歉和应答(Apologize and responses)
Excuse me for...... 请原谅我……/ Pardon me for....... 请原谅我……/ I’m really sorry for..... / 我真为……感到抱歉. / I’m awfully sorry. I don’t mean to...... 我非常抱歉,我无意……/ I’m so sorry. It’s all my fault. 我十分抱歉,都是我的过错。/ I’m terribly sorry about..... 我对……非常抱歉./ It was wrong of me to do....... 做……是我的过错./ I really feel bad about...... 我真对……感到难过 / I regret that...... 我后悔……/ I do apologize about......我对……表示道歉. / I hope you’ll pardon me for....希望你能原谅我…… / I must make an apology for.....我必须对……表示道歉 / Please forgive me for......请原谅我……
对道歉的反应
It really isn’t worth mentioning.实在不值得一提。/ Don’t say more about it.不要再提它了。/ Never mind, it doesn’t really matter. 没关系,真的不要紧。/ Please don’t worry about it. 请别为这事担心。/ It’s nothing serious.没有什么关系。/ Please think nothing of it. 请别想它了。/ Well, it’s one of those things. 哦,这是常有的事。/ That’s all right.没关系。/ Please don’t blame yourself. 请别责备自己。/ Forget thinking of it.别再想它了。
四、看病时交际用语
1、医生询问病情时的常用语
What can I do for you? 你看什么病?/ What’s wrong/the matter/ the trouble with you?你哪里不舒服?/ Is there anything wrong with you?你身体怎么了?
2、病人诉说病情时的常用语
I feel terrible/ bad/ ill/ sick. 我感到很不舒服.
I don’t feel well. /I’m not feeling well.我感到不舒服.
I’m not in good health. 我身体不好.
There is something wrong with... 我的……有毛病.
I have / have got.... 我觉得……痛.
My back / nose hurts / aches. 我的背/鼻子痛.
3、医生给病人检查时的常用语
(Lie down and) let me exam you. (躺下),让我检查一下.
Does it hurt here?这儿痛吗?
4、医生看完病后对病人提出医嘱时的常用语
It’s nothing serious. 病不重。/You’d better have a good rest. 你最好好好休息休息。 /Take this medicine three times a day. 这药每天吃三次./ Drink plenty of water and have a good rest. 多喝水,好好休息。/ You have a high temperature. 你发烧了。/ You’d better go to bed. Don’t get up until you feel better. 你最好躺在床上,感到好一点再起床。/ I advise you(not) to... 我劝你(别)…… / I suggest you... 我建议你…… / You’ll be well/ all right soon. 不久你会好的。
五、谈论天气情况
1、It is raining/blowing/snowing,(isn’t it?)下雨了/刮风了/下雪了,(对吗?)
It is +adj ./n.(today). 今天的天气……这类句子都是用来发表对天气的看法的.“It is +ady /n (today)”中间可用表述天气情况的形容词或名词,应答时可说:Yes, it is.
2、What’s the weather like today?今天天气怎样?/ What’s the weather going to be like ...?天气将怎样?
这两个句型都是用来询问天气情况的。前者询问当天的天气,后者询问未来的天气,在like 后加表示未来的时间状语(如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow)应答时可说:It’s fine /warm /cold /hot ...或It’s going to be fine /warm/cold /hot ...
“What’s the weather like ...?”也可以用“How is the weather...?”表达,其意思想同。
六、就餐时的交际用语
1、就餐时,当服务员询问客人想吃/喝点什么时,主人常说:
Would you like sth.(to eat / to drink)?你想吃 / 喝点……吗?/ What would you like (to have)?你想要吃点什么?/ Would you like some more...?你还要点……吗?/ How about (some more) ...?(再)来点……怎么样?
2、就餐时,当主人主动请客人吃/喝点东西时,主人常说:
Help yourself to...?你吃/喝点……吧。 / Make yourself at home. 请随便吃,不要客气。
3、当客人表示愿意或同意吃/喝点东西时,常回答:
Yes, please. 好的。 / I’d like...我想来点…… / Well, just a little, please. 好的,请来一点儿。
4、当客人表示不想吃/喝东西或表示已经吃饱/喝好了时,常回答:No, thanks. 谢谢,不要了。 / Thank you, I’ve had enough. 谢谢,我已经够了。 / I’m full, thank you. 谢谢,我吃饱了。
七、问路及应答的交际用语
Excuse me. Can you tell me the way to ...?劳驾,请告诉我去……(地方)怎么走?/ Excuse me. Han can I get to...?劳驾,问怎样去……(地方)?/ Excuse me, please, where is...?劳驾,请问去……的路怎么去?
问路时,首先说“Excuse me.”意思是“请原谅”、“请问”、“劳驾”,表示因为打扰而道歉,然后再问路,应答时可根据实际情况回答。常用的有以下几种表达:
How far is it from here?它离这里多远?/ It’s about...meters from here. 它离这里大约……米远./ It’s about...yards/meters down this street.沿着这条街走约……米就到了。/ Go straight ahead till you see... 照直走到……(地方)为止。/ Go down/along this street. 沿着这条街走下去./ Take this street/road. 走这条街/大路./ Go through the gate and you’ll find the entrance to...穿过大门,你就会看到……的进口处./ Go down/along this street till you get to ...沿着这条街走到……(地方)为止。/ Turn right/left at the first/second crossing.在第一/二个十字路口向右/左转。/ You’d better take a taxi/minibus/No. 5 bus...你最好坐出租车/乘迷你巴士/乘5路公共汽车。
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