学期即将结束, 小编继续为同学们奉上各单元小练, 帮助同学们为期末考试做好准备。
重点词汇
1.come along 跟随;到达;进步;赶快 come about 发生
come out 出现;出版;结果是 come up_with 想出;提出
come across 穿过(路、桥);(偶然)遇到;发现 come to 苏醒;到达;共计
when it comes to (doing) sth. 当谈及(做)某事
2.work out 锻炼身体;解决;计算出 work on 从事…… work at 从事/致力于 work as sth. 从事……工作 out_of work失业 at work 在工作;在干活
3.3.honour n. 荣誉;尊敬;荣幸
(1)have the honour of_(doing) sth. 得到某殊荣,有幸做某事 in honour of sb.=in sb.'s honour 为向某人表示敬意,为纪念某人 It is an honour (for sb.) to_do sth. (对某人来说)做……是种荣幸 (2)vt. 尊敬,尊重(某人);给予(某人)荣誉
honour sb. with sth. 某事使某人感到荣幸/给予某人表扬(或奖励、头衔、称号) be/feel honoured that ... 因……而感到荣幸 be/feel honoured (to_do_sth.) (因做某事而)感到荣幸
4.determination n. 决心;决定 (1)with determination 坚决地;果断地 (2)determine vt. 确定;决定;使下定决心 determine on/upon (doing) sth. 决定(做)某事 determine to_do sth. 决定做某事 determine+that/wh- 从句 ... 决定…… (3)determined adj. 有决心的 be determined to_do sth. 决心做某事
5.5.fall apart 破裂;破碎;崩溃
take sth. apart 将……拆开,拆分 tell ... apart 分辨出…… set sb. apart 使某人与众不同
apart from ... 除……之外(都);除……之外(尚有) 6.injure vt. 使受伤;损害 (1)injure oneself 伤害自己 (2)injured adj. 受伤的;有伤的 the injured 伤员
(3)injury n. 伤口;伤害;损伤
do sb. an injury/do_an injury to sb. 伤害某人
7.strength n. 力量;体力
(1)build_up one's strength/body 强身健体
on the strength of sth. 凭借(或根据)某事物;在某事物的影响下 strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点
The strength of ... is that ... ……的优点是…… (2)strengthen vt.& vi. 加强 8.give up 放弃;投降 give in 屈服;上交 give away 赠送;泄露;出卖 give back 归还
give off 放出;散发出(液体、气体、气味、热量、能量、光、声音等) give out 分发;用完,消耗尽,精疲力竭
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9.compete vi. 竞争;对抗
(1)compete in 参加……比赛;在……方面竞争 compete for 为……而竞争
compete with/against ... for 为争取……而与……对抗/竞争 (2)competition n. 比赛;竞争 competitive adj. 竞争的;有竞争力的 competitor n. 竞争者;对手
10.make sense 有道理;合乎情理;表述清楚
(1)make sense of 理解;明白
(2)in_a sense 在某一方面;就某种意义来说 in_no sense 决不
(3)There is no sense in doing sth. 做……没意义
11.pretend vi.& vt. 假装;装扮 pretend to_be+n./adj. 假装是
pretend (not) to_do sth. 假装(不)做某事 pretend to_be_doing sth. 假装正在做某事 pretend to_have_done sth. 假装已经做了某事 pretend+that ... 假装……
12.diet n. 规定饮食;日常饮食 vi. 节食 on_a diet 在节食;在按规定饮食 balanced diet 均衡的饮食 proper diet 合理的饮食 vegetarian diet 素食 strict diet 严格的节食 diet pills 减肥药
13.make a difference 有作用或影响 make a difference to sb./sth. 对……有影响
It makes a difference (to_sb.)+wh- 从句……(对某人)有影响/有关系 make no/some difference 没有/有些作用/关系/影响
make all the difference (to sb./sth.) (对……)关系重大,大不相同 tell the difference 看出差异
14.cut ... out 停止做(或使用,食用);剪下 cut down 砍倒;减少;删节 cut in 插话 cut up 切碎;使伤心
cut across sth. 抄近路穿过;走近路 cut off 切断;中止;隔绝
15.stress n. 压力;紧张;重音 vt. 强调;重读;使焦虑不安 vi. 焦虑不安
(1)under stress 在压力之下
under the stress of ... 在……的压力下 lay/put/place stress on ... 强调/重视
(2)stress the_importance_of ... 强调……的重要性 stress out/stress sb. (out) (使)焦虑不安,疲惫不堪 (3)stressful adj. 压力大的;紧张的 (4)stressed adj. 焦虑的
词汇巩固练习
一、单句语法填空
1.I am ________ (stress) out, and I need a relax. 答案:stressed
2.It's lucky that it happened here rather ________ on the open road. 答案:than
3.The success or ________ (fail) of the plan depends on you. 答案:failure
4.Have the ________ (injure) in the accident been taken to hospital? 答案:injured
5.He never compares himself with his twin brother, ________ he? 答案:does
6.I've got ________ (million) of beer bottles in my cellar. 答案:millions
7.Our bodies are ________ (strength) by exercise. Similarly, our minds are developed by learning.
答案:strengthened
8.Try to face your life and your studies with courage and ________ (determine). 答案:determination
9.Even ________ we achieve great success in our work, we should not be conceited. 答案:if/though
10.When he was only a boy, he was expected to become a world ________ (championship) by his coach and parents. 答案:champion
二、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
In China a good name for a child is considered important. The Chinese think a name will somehow determine the future of a child. Therefore, Chinese parents often spend a long time __1__ (choose) their child's name, and all possible factors must __2__ (take) into account.
Generally, two parts of a name __3__ (be) essential—the family name or last name, and a character showing the generation order of the family. The generation signing characters in the names are usually given by the forefathers, __4__ chose and put them in the genealogy (家谱) for their descendants to use. For this reason, it is possible __5__ (know) the relationships among the family __6__ (relative) by just looking at their names.
Another custom is to find the newborn's Eight Characters and the element in the Eight Characters. It is __7__ (traditional) believed in China that the world is made up of five principal elements: metal, wood, water, fire, and earth. A person's name is to include an element that he lacks in his Eight Characters. __8__ he lacks water, for example, then his name is supposed to contain __9__ word like river, lake, tide, sea, stream, rain, or any word associating __10__ water.
1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________
篇章导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国人起名字的传统与讲究。
1.choosing 考查非谓语动词。spend time (in) doing sth.为固定用法,表示“花费时间做某事”。
2.be taken 考查动词的语态。主语factors和take into account之间为被动关系,故用被动语态。
3.are 考查动词的时态及主谓一致。本文时态均为一般现在时,且主语two parts为复数,故填are。
4.who 考查定语从句的引导词。此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词forefathers “祖先”指人,故填who。
5.to know 考查非谓语动词。本句为“It is+adj.+to do sth.”句型,动词不定式短语作真正的主语。
6.relatives 考查名词。根据本句中的among, their等词可知,本空应用名词复数。 7.traditionally 考查词性转换。修饰动词应用副词。
8.If 考查连词。根据句意“举个例子,如果一个人缺水,那么他的名字里应该……”可知,此处引导条件状语从句。
9.a 考查冠词。此处指“一个与水有关的字”,应填不定冠词a。
10.with 考查介词。associate with为固定搭配,表示“与……有关”。
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