Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains
一、重点短语
1. work on doing sth. 致力于做某 2. as soon as ...... 一……就…....
3. once upon a time 从前 4. continue to do sth. 继续做某事
5. make sth. happen 使某事发生 6. try to do sth. 试图做某事
7. the journey to sp. ......之旅 8. tell the/a story 讲故事
9. put on 穿上 10. a little bit 有点儿
11. keep doing sth. 坚持做某事 12. give up 放弃
13. instead of 代替;反而 14. turn .. . into 变成
15. get married 结婚 16. the main character 主要人物;主人公
17. at other times 在另外一些时候 18. be able to 能;会
19. come out (书、电影等)出版 20. become interested in. 对…感兴 趣 21. walk to the other side 走到另一边 22. a fairy tale 一个神话故事 23. the rest of the story 故事的其余部分 24. leave sb. to do sth. 让„做某事25. make a plan to do sth. 筹划/计划做某事 26. go to sleep 去睡觉
27. lead sb. to sp. 把某人领到某地 28. get lost 迷路
29. change one’s plan 改变计划 30. tell sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事
31. in the moonlight 在月光下 32. find one’ s way home 找到某人回家的路
33. the next day 第二天 34. send sb. to sp. 派某人去某地
二、重点句型
1. W hat do you think about/of.. . ?
So what do you think about the story of Yu Gong?=How do you like the story of Yu Gong?
你觉得愚公的故事如何?
2. It doesn’t seem adj. to do sth ..
It doesn’t seem very possible to move a mountain.把一座山给移掉好像不太可能。
3. This is because...
This is because he can make 72 changes to his shape and size, turning himself into different animals and objects.
这是因为他会根据他的形状和大小,做出72种变化,可以将自己变成不同的动物或东西。
4. … so… that+从句 Sometimes he can make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear.
5. It take sb. some time to do sth ..
Because they were so big that it took a long time to walk to the other side.
6 .… not.. .. until十从句:Don’ t eat it until you get to the forest. 你们到达森林之后才能吃。
三、语法详解
1. shoot v.射,射击,过去式 shot, Hou Yi shoots the sun后羿射日
shoot at sth. 瞄准/朝„射击
2. weak adj. 虚弱的,无力的,
I still feel a bit week after my illness. 病后我仍觉得有点虚弱。
the week 意为“弱者” 在英语中,有些形容词前加定冠词表一类人或事物。其意义为复数。
做主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。the old / the young / the rich / the poor / the deaf / the blind / the disabled
3. as soon as…“一…就…,刚…就…”,
I will tell him the news as soon as he comes back. 他一回来我就把消息告诉他。
He took out his English book as soon as he sat down. 他一坐下就把英语书拿出来了。
4. A god was so moved by Yu Gong that he send two gods to take the mountains away.
(1) move v.打动;使感动 be moved (by sth./ sb.) (被某人/事)感动
I was moves by your kindness. 我被你的善良大动了。
(2)take (…) away(把„)带走,拿走
Someone took my iPhone away while I was waiting in the station. 当我在车站等车的时候,有人拿走了我的iphone.
take out 带出去,拿出去 / take turns (to do…) 轮流做某事
5. remind v.“提醒,使想起”,及物动词
(1) remind sb. of sth .让我们想起某事:
The old photo reminds me of my childhood. 这张老照片让我想起了我的童年。
(2) remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事:
My parents often remind me to study hard. 我的父母总是提醒我要努力学习。
6. I think it’s a little bit silly. 我认为那有点儿傻。
a little bit 意为“有点儿”,后加形容词,相当于a little,a bit:
This is a little bit difficult for me. 这对我来说有点难。
bit n.一点,一块; a bit +形容词,a bit silly;a bit of 后加名词:a bit of time 一点时间
7.. turn...into... “使变成......”
Please turn this into English. 请把这个译成英语。
Joan is turning into a skilled musician. 琼正在变成一个技艺精湛的音乐家。
8. at other times “平时,有事,在其他时候”
At other times he doesn’t have to get up at all. 平时他根本不必起来。
Sometimes we went to the beach and at other times we went to climb the mountains.
我们有时候去海滩,有时去爬山。
9. come out
a. 出版: That magazine comes out every Monday. 那本杂志每周一出版。
b. 出来,出现,开花 The stars come out as soon as it was dark. 天一黑星星就出来了。
c. 传出,真相大白: The truth has come out at last. 最后真相大白了。
10. become interested in 对…...感兴趣 = be interested in 后接名词,代词,动名词
I became interested in piano. 我对钢琴感兴趣。
11.. whole【adj.】全部的,整体的…whole后通常跟可数名词,前加the/ this/ my等形容词性物主代词修饰
The old man told us the whole story. 老人给我们讲了整个故事。
【辨析】all也指”所有的”,修饰可数或不可数名词,放在the/ this/ my等词前。
12. made of …,由„„制成,如made of sugar made of wood
be made of…由„制成,看得出原材料;be made from…由„制成,看不出原材料
23. voice n.声音 Could you please raise your voice? 你能大点声吗?
Unit 7 W hat’s the highest mountain in the world?
一、重点短语
1. the population of China 中国的人口 2. one of the oldest countries 最古老的国家之一
3. feel free to do sth. 随意地做某事
4. as far as I know 据我所知 as you can see,..正如你所看见的,…
5. mountain climbing/ climbing mountains 登山运动 6, live up to 活到……
7.higher than any other mountain 比其他任何一座山高 8. of all…在所有的….中
9. run along 绵延,横亘… … 10. another 200 or so还有大约200左右
11,one of the world’s most dangerous sports 最危险的运动之一
12,one of the most popular places最受欢迎的地方之一
13,risk their lives冒着他们的生命危险
14. challenge onese挑战自我 challenge ourselves
15. 15, in the face of difficulties 面临困难
16, take in air 呼吸空气 17. the first people to do sth. 第一个做某事的人
18. achieve one’ s dream 实现某人的梦想 = make one’s dream come true
19. the forces of nature 自然界的力量 20. reach the top 到达顶峰
21. even though 虽然;尽管 22. at birth 在出生的时候
23. be awake 醒着 24.. run over with excitement 兴奋地跑过去
25.. walk into sb. 撞到某人 26.die from……死于……
27.. fall over 被…绊倒 fall over the chair 被椅子绊倒、 28.. take care of 照顾;照料
29.. every two years 每两年 30.. cut down the forests 砍伐林木
31. endangered animals 濒危动物 32. fewer and fewer pandas 大熊猫越来越少
33.. be in danger 处于危险之中
34. the importance of saving these animals 拯救这些动物的重要性
35,wild animals野生动物sea life海洋生物 36..water pollution水污染,
37.only live for a short time because of illnesses由于疾病仅活很短的时间
38.,make more homes for the pandas为大熊猫建造更多的家园 4
39.stop putting rubbish into the sea停止往大海里丢垃圾
40, protect … from…保护…免于…的伤害
protect children from catching a cold. 保护孩子免于感冒
41,in the remaining forests在剩下的森林里
二、重点句型
1. It is -\~adj. + (fo r sb. ) to do sth.
It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. 当你接近山顶时,连呼吸都会困难。
2. . . . is because... One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. 其中的一个主要的原因是人们想要在面临困难时 挑战自己。
3 . . . . show(s) that... The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.这些登山者的精神向我们证明:我们永远都不应 该放弃实现自己的梦想。
4, 表达事物的长,宽,高,深……? sth. /sb. +be+数量+单位+形容词long, wide, tall, deep。
如,The river is 2 meters deep. Qomolangma is 8,844.43 meters high.
long---length (n. 长度) wide---width (n.宽度) deep---depth(n.深度) high----height(n.高度) the length/depth/ width/height/size of sth. …的长度,深度,宽度,高度,面积
5,问事物的高,深,宽,长…? How high/ deep/tall/ wide/ long/ is ... ? 问重量用 How heavy be+sth,/sb.? How high is Qomolangma? 珠穆朗玛峰有多高?
四,语法讲解
1.,The first Chinese team did so in1960, while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei.
1) while, 此处是“而,然而,”轻微对比。不是“当…时候”, 用在句中,前面有逗号。
2) succeed. V. 成功 succeed in doing sth. He succeeded in finishing the work.
success n. “成功”不可数,Confidence is the key to success. 自信是成功的关键。
success n. “成功的人,物” He is a great success.他是一个很成功的人。
successful, adj. 成功的, successfully, 成功地
2, Adult pandas spend more than12 hours a day eating 10 kilos of bamboo.
Bamboo 做“竹子做的食物”或“竹子制品”不可数,bamboo chair;但做植物讲时可数。
1) sb. spend + time/ money + on sth. / in doing sth.
2) sb. pay +money +for sth. 某人为某物支付多少钱
3) It takes sb + time+ to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做
4) sth + cost +money 某物值多少钱。
3, Canada is a lot less crowded than China. 加拿大不及中国拥挤很多。
less+adj+than 不及比较:
Joseph is less honest than his brother. 约瑟夫不像他兄弟那样诚实。
less than (中间不加任何词)“少于” There are less than 30 girls in my class. 我们班不足30个女生。
more than (中间不加任何词)“超过,多于,相当于over”
There are more than 30 girls in my class. 我们班有超过30个女生。
二. 形容词、 副词
(一) 形容词比较级和最高级的构成:
1.规则变化
(1)一般情况,直接在词尾加er \ est 。
(2) 以不发音的字母e结尾时, 加 r \ st 。
(3)以“辅音字母 +y ”结尾时, 把y变为 i ,再加er \ est 。
( 4) 部分形容词,先双写最后一个辅音字母,再加er \ est 。 big , hot, fat , thin , red ,
(5) 部分形容词, 在前面加 more \ most 。 beautiful , careful , important , delicious , difficult , dangerous
(6) 以ly结尾的形容词,在前面加more \ most 。 friendly(友好的) , lonely(孤独的) , lovely(可爱的)
Likely(有希望的) , daily (日常的), lively (有生气的)
2. 不规则变化
good \ well --- better--- best many \ much --- more--- most
bad \ ill --- worse --- worst little --- less --- least
far ---farther (较远的) \ further (进一步的) ---farthest (最远的) \ furthest (最大程度的)
old ---older(年纪较大的) \ elder(年纪最大的)---oldest(较年长的)\ eldest (最年长的)
(四) 形容词原级的用法:
1.说明人或事物自身的性质、特征或状态时用形容词原形。
The flowers in the garden are beautiful . 花园里的花很漂亮。
2. 有表示程度的副词very , so , too, enough , quite 等修饰时,用形容词原形。
The boy is too young . 这个男孩的年纪太小了。
3.表示A与B在某方面程度相同或不同时,用形容词原形。
肯定句:A + 动词 + as + 形容词原形 + as + B 。
Xiao Ming is as tall as Jim . 小明和吉姆一样高。
否定句:A + 动词 + not as \ so+ 形容词原形 + as + B 。
I am not so careful as Lucy . 我没有露西细心。
否定句的结构相当于 A +动词+ less + 形容词原形+ than + B 。
He thinks Chinese is less interesting than English .
(二)、形容词比较级的用法:
1.表示两者进行比较时,用形容词比较级:A + 动词+ 形容词比较级 + than + B
Lily’s room is bigger than mine . 莉莉的房间比我的大。
2.有表示程度的副词a little , a bit , a few , a lot , much , even , still ,
Far , rather , any 等修饰时,用形容词比较级。
I feel even worse now . 我现在感觉更糟糕了。
3. 表示两者之间“哪一个更、、、”:which \ who is +形容词比较级, A or B ?
Who is taller , Li Ming or Wang Tao ? 谁更高, 李明还是王涛。
4.表示“两者之间较、、、的一个”,常用 “the +比较级”结构 。
Mary is the taller of the twins . 玛丽是双胞胎中较高的那个。
6. 表示“越来越、、、”时,用比较级重叠结构,即“比较级 +and + 比较级 ”,多音节
词和部分双音节词用“more and more +形容词原形 ”
It’s getting warmer and warmer in spring . 在春天,天气变得越来越暖和。
7. 表示“越、、、、就越、、、、”时,用“the +比较级 , the +比较级 ”
The harder he works , the richer he is . 他工作的月努力,就会变得越富有。
(三)、形容词最高级的用法:
1.三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时,用形容词最高级。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词
the , 句末常跟一个in \ of 短语来表示范围。
He is the strongest of the three boys . 他是三个男孩中最强壮的一个。
2. 表示“三者或三者以上的人或物,哪一个最、、、?”用句型:
Which \ who is + the + 最高级 , A , B , or C ?
Which city is the most beautiful , Beijing , Shanghai or Fuzhou ?
哪个城市最漂亮,北京,上海还是福州?
3. 表示“最、、、的、、、之一” 时,用句型:
主语 + is + one of the +形容词最高级 +名词复数 。
Zhou Jielun is one of the most popular singers . 周杰伦是最受欢迎的歌手之一。
4. 形容词最高级前面可加序数词,表示“第几大/长/高 等”
Huanghe is the second longest river in China . 黄河是中国第二长的河流。
5. 形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义。
Li Lei is the tallest student in his class . 李雷班上最高额学生。
== Li Lei is taller than any other student in his class .
== Li Lei is taller than the other students in his class .
== Li Lei is taller than anyone else in his class .
(四)、--ing 形容词与--ed 形容词:
--ing 形容词表示“令人、、、、、、的”, 表示主动意义,多指事物对人的影响,一般修饰或说明事物。
如:surprising(令人惊讶的) , exciting (令人兴奋的), interesting(有趣的) 等。--ed 形容词表示“感到、、、、、、的”,表示被动意义,多指人对事物的感受,主语一般是人:sb. + be +--ed 形容词 + 介词短语 。
如:surprised(感到惊讶的) , excited(感到兴奋的) , Interested(感到有趣的) 等。
We are all excited about the exciting news . 我们对这条令人兴奋的消息感到很兴奋
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