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1. Ãû´Ê
(1)Ãû´ÊµÄ¿ÉÊýÓë²»¿ÉÊý
¿ÉÊýÃû´ÊÖ¸±íʾµÄÈË»òÊÂÎï¿ÉÒÔÓÃÊýÀ´¼ÆÁ¿£¬ËüÓе¥ÊýÓ븴ÊýÁ½ÖÖÐÎʽ¡£²»¿ÉÊýÃû´ÊÖ¸Ëù±íʾµÄÊÂÎï²»ÄÜÓÃÊýÀ´¼ÆÁ¿¡£ÎïÖÊÃû´ÊÓë³éÏóÃû´ÊÒ»°ãÎÞ·¨ÓÃÊýÄ¿£¬À´Í³¼Æ£¬¶¼³ÉΪ²»¿ÉÊýÃû´Ê¡£
²»¿ÉÊýÃû´ÊÇ°Ò»°ã²»ÄÜÓùڴÊa¡¢anÀ´±íʾÊýÁ¿£¬Ã»Óи´ÊýÐÎʽ¡£Òª±íʾ“Ò»¸ö……”ÕâÒ»¸ÅÄ¾ÍÐë¼Óa piece ofÕâÒ»Àà¶ÌÓҪעÒâÐí¶àÃû´ÊÔÚººÓïÀï¿´À´ÊÇ¿ÉÊýÃû´Ê£¬ÔÚÓ¢ÓïÀïÈ´²»¿ÉÊý¡£È磺chalk£¬paper£¬bread£¬rice£¬grass£¬newsµÈ¡£
(2)Ãû´Ê¸´ÊýµÄ¹æÔò±ä»¯
A.Ò»°ãÇé¿öϼÓ-s¡£
B.ÒÔs, x, ch, sh, ½áβµÄ¼Ó-es
C.ÒÔ¸¨Òô×Öĸ¼Óy½áβµÄ¸ÄyΪiÔÙ¼Ó-es
D.ÒÔf£¬fe½áβµÄ£¬È¥µôf»òfe£¬±ä³ÉvÔÙ¼Ó-es
(3)Ãû´ÊµÄËùÓиñ
A. µ¥ÊýÃû´Ê´Êβ¼Ó’s£¬¸´ÊýÃû´Ê´ÊβÈôûÓÐs£¬Ò²Òª¼Ó’s¡£
È磺the worker's bike£¬the Children’ s ball
B. ±íʾ¼¸¸öÈ˹²ÓÐÒ»Ñù¶«Î÷£¬Ö»ÐèÔÚ×îºóÒ»¸öÈ˵ÄÃû×Öºó¼Ó’ sÈô±íʾ¸÷×ÔËùÓУ¬ÔòÐèÔÚ¸÷¸öÃû×Öºó’ s¡£
È磺 This is Lucy and Licy’ s room.
These are Kate's and jack’ s rooms.
C. Èç¹ûÊÇͨ¹ýÔÚ´Êβ¼Ó—s¹¹³ÉµÄ¸´ÊýÐÎʽµÄÃû´Ê£¬Ö»¼Ó’¡£
È磺the students’ books£¬the girls’ blouses
(ÁíÍ⣺Ãû´Ê+of+Ãû´ÊÃû´ÊÊÇÓÐÉúÃüµÄ£¬ÎÒÃǾÍÓÃ’s½á¹¹À´±íʾËùÓйØϵ¡£Èç¹ûÃû´ÊËù±íʾµÄÊÂÎïÊÇÎÞÉúÃüµÄ£¬ÎÒÃǾÍÒªÓÃÃû´Ê+of+Ãû´ÊµÄ½á¹¹À´±íʾËùÓйØϵ¡£)
2. ´ú´Ê
È˳ƴú´Ê£¬ÎïÖ÷´ú´Ê£¬·´Éí´ú´Ê£¬Ö¸Ê¾´ú´Ê£¬²»¶¨´ú´Ê
(1)È˳ƴú´Ê
µÚÒ»È˳Ƶ¥Êý
I me my mine myself
¸´Êý we us our ours ourselves
µÚ¶þÈ˳Æ
µ¥Êý you you your yours yourself
¸´Êý you you your yours yourselves
µÚÈýÈ˳Æ
µ¥Êý he him his his himself
she her her hers herself
it it its its itself
¸´Êý they them their theirs themselves
(2)ÎïÖ÷´ú´Ê
ÎïÖ÷´ú´ÊµÄÓ÷¨£ºÐÎÈÝ´ÊÐÔÎïÖ÷´ú´ÊºóÃæÒ»¶¨Òª¸úÉÏÒ»¸öÃû´Ê;
Ãû´ÊÐÔÎïÖ÷´ú´Ê¿É×÷Ö÷Óï¡¢±íÓï¡¢±öÓï¡£
(3)·´Éí´ú´Ê
·´Éí´ú´ÊµÄ¹¹³É·ÖÁ½ÖÖ£ºµÚÒ»¡¢¶þÈ˳Ʒ´Éí´ú´ÊÔÚÐÎÈÝ´ÊÐÔÎïÖ÷´ú´Êºó¼ÓÉÏself»òselves£¬µÚÈýÈ˳Ƶķ´Éí´ú´ÊÔÚ±ö¸ñ´ú´Êºó¼ÓÉÏself»òselves.
·´Éí´ú´ÊµÄÓ÷¨£ºÒ»ÖÖÊÇ×÷±öÓÓÉÖ÷Óï·¢³öµÄ¶¯×÷Óֻص½¶¯×÷Õß±¾Éí¡£È磺I enjoyed myself at the party. ÁíÒ»ÖÖÊÇ×÷Ãû´Ê»ò´ú´ÊµÄͬλÓï;ÓÃÀ´¼ÓÇ¿ÓïÆø¡£È磺I can do it myself.
(4)ָʾ´ú´Ê
ָʾ´ú´ÊµÄÌØÊâÓ÷¨£º
(1)ΪÁ˱ÜÃâÖظ´£¬¿ÉÓÃthat£¬those´úÌæÇ°ÃæÌáµ½¹ýµÄÃû´Ê£¬µ«ÊÇthis£¬these²»¿ÉÒÔ¡£
(2)this£¬thatÓÐʱ¿É´úÌæ¾ä×Ó»ò¾ä×ÓÖеÄÒ»²¿·Ö¡£
(5)²»¶¨´ú´Ê
one,some,any,other,another,all,both,each,neither,many,muchµÈ
3. ¹Ú´Ê
(1)²»¶¨¹Ú´ÊanÓÃÔÚÔªÒô¶ÁÒô¿ªÍ·(²»ÊÇÖ¸ÔªÒô×Öĸ)µÄ´ÊÇ°£¬ÆäÓàÓò»¶¨¹Ú´Êa.
(2)¶¨¹Ú´ÊµÄ»ù±¾Ó÷¨
A. ÓÃÔÚÖØÐÂÌáµ½µÄÈË»òÊÂÎïÇ°Ãæ¡£
B. ̸ָ»°Ë«·½¶¼ÖªµÀµÄÈË»òÊÂÎïÇ°Ãæ¡£
C. ÓÃÔÚµ¥Êý¿ÉÊýÃû´ÊÇ°Ã棬±íʾijһÀàÈË»òÊÂÎï¡£
(3)¶¨¹Ú´ÊµÄÌØÊâÓ÷¨
A. ÓÃÔÚÊÀ½çÉ϶ÀÒ»ÎÞ¶þµÄÊÂÎï»ò·½Î»Ãû´ÊÇ°¡£
B. ÓÃÔÚÐòÊý´Ê¡¢ÐÎÈݴʵÄ×î¸ß¼¶¼°onlyËùÐÞÊεÄÃû´ÊÇ°¡£
C. ÓÃÔÚ½ºÓ¡¢º£Ñó¡¢É½Âö¡¢ºþ²´¡¢ÈºµºµÄÃû³ÆÇ°Ãæ¡£
D. ÓÃÔÚÓÉÆÕͨÃû´ÊºÍÁíÍâһЩ´ÊËù¹¹³ÉµÄרÓÐÃû´ÊÇ°Ãæ¡£
E. ÓÃÔÚÐÕÊϵĸ´ÊýÐÎʽǰÃ棬±íʾȫ¼ÒÈË»òÕâÒ»Ðյķò¸¾¶þÈË¡£
F. ÓÃÔÚÀÖÆ÷Ãû³ÆÇ°¡£
G. ºÍijЩÐÎÈÝ´ÊÁ¬Ó㬱íʾijһÀàÈË»òÊÂÎï¡£
(4)Ãû´ÊÇ°²»ÓùڴʵÄÇé¿ö
A. ÔÚרÓÐÃû´Ê (°üÀ¨ÈËÃû¡¢µØÃû¡¢½ÚÈÕ¡¢Ô·ݡ¢¼¾½Ú) ¡¢ÎïÖÊÃû´ÊºÍ³éÏóÃû´ÊÇ°—°ã²»Óùڴʡ£µ«ÔÚÒÔFestival×é³ÉµÄÃñ¼ä½ÚÈÕÇ°Òª¼Óthe¡£
B. ±íʾһÀàÈË»òÊÂÎïµÄ¸´ÊýÃû´ÊÇ°¡£
C. Ãû´ÊÇ°ÓÐÎïÖ÷´ú´Ê¡¢Ö¸Ê¾´ú´Ê¡¢²»¶¨´ú´Ê»òÃû´ÊËùÓиñÐÞÊÎʱ£¬²»Óùڴʡ£
D. Èý²Í·¹¡¢ÇòÀà¡¢ÆåÀà¡¢ÓÎÏ·Ãû³ÆÇ°Ò»°ã²»Óùڴʡ£ÕýÔÚÓÐЩ´Ê×éÖУ¬ÓÐÎ޹ڴʺ¬Ò岻ͬ¡£
(sit) at table¾Í²Í; sit at the table×øÔÚ×À±ß
go to schoolÈ¥ÉÏѧ;go to the schoolÈ¥ÄÇËùѧУ;in hospitalסԺ;in the hospitalÔÚÄǸöÒ½ÔºÀï
4. Êý´Ê
(1)Êý×ֵıíʾ
ÈýλÊýÊý´ÊÒªÔÚ°ÙλºÍʮλ(ÈôÎÞʮλÔòºÍ¸öλ)Ö®¼ä¼Óand¡£
1£¬000ÒÔÉϵÄÊý×Ö£¬´ÓºóÏòÇ°µÚÈýλÊý¼ÓÒ»¸ö“£¬”£¬µÚÒ»¸ö“£¬”ǰΪthousand£¬µÚ¶þ¸ö“£¬”ǰΪmillion£¬µÚÈý¸ö“£¬”ǰΪbillion¡£
(2)ÐòÊý´Ê³ýÁËfirst£¬second£¬thirdÍ⣬ÆäÓ඼ÔÚ»ùÊý´Êβ¼Ó-th¹¹³É¡£
(3)·ÖÊý·Ö×ÓÔÚÇ°£¬·ÖĸÔں󣬷Ö×ÓÓûùÊý´Ê£¬·ÖĸÓÃÐòÊý´Ê£¬µ±·Ö×Ó´óÓÚ1Сʱ£¬·ÖĸÐòÊý´ÊÒª±ä³É¸´Êý¡£
(4)hundreds(thousands£¬millions)of……
5. ÐÎÈÝ´Ê¡¢¸±´Ê
(1)ÐÎÈݴʵÄλÖÃ
A. ÐÎÈÝ´Ê×÷¶¨ÓïÒ»°ãÒª·ÅÔÚÃû´ÊÇ°Ã棬µ«µ±ÐÎÈÝ´ÊÐÞÊ⻶¨´ú´Êsomething£¬nothing£¬anythingʱҪ·ÅÔÚËùÐÞÊεIJ»¶¨´ú´ÊÖ®ºó¡£È磺something important£¬nothing serious¡£
B. µ±ÐÎÈÝ´Ê´øÓбíʾ¶ÈÁ¿µÄ´Ê»ò´Ê×é×÷¶¨Óï»ò±íÓïʱ£¬¶¨Óï»ò±íÓïÒªºóÖá£È磺
We have dug a hole two meters deep.
The hole is about two metres deep.
(2)ÐÎÈݴʵıȽϵȼ¶
µ¥Òô½Ú´ÊºÍÉÙÊýË«Òô½Ú´Ê£¬ÔÚ´Êβ¼Ó—(e)r£¬—(e)stÀ´¹¹³É±È½Ï¼¶ºÍ×î¸ß¼¶¡£ÆäËûË«Òô½Ú´ÊºÍ¶àÒô½Ú´Ê£¬ÔÚÇ°Ãæ¼Ómore£¬mostÀ´¹¹³É±È½Ï¼¶ºÍ×î¸ß¼¶¡£È磺
popular———more popular———most popular
important—more important—most important
(3)¸±´ÊµÄ±È½ÏµÈ¼¶
µ¥Òô½Ú¸±´ÊºÍ¸ö±ðË«Òô½Ú¸±´Êͨ¹ý¼Ó-er£¬-estÀ´¹¹³É±È½Ï¼¶ºÍ×î¸ß¼¶¡£¾ø´ó¶àÊý¸±´Ê½èÖúmore£¬mostÀ´¹¹³É±È½Ï¼¶ºÍ×î¸ß¼¶¡£
(4)ÉÙÊýÐÎÈݴʺ͸±´Ê±È½Ï¼¶/×î¸ß¼¶µÄ²»¹æÔò±ä»¯£º
Ô¼¶ ±È½Ï¼¶ ×î¸ß¼¶
well —— better —— best
badly —— worse —— worst
much —— more —— most
little —— less —— least
far —— farther —— farthest
farthest furthest
late —— later —— latest
(5)¸±´ÊµÄ×î¸ß¼¶Ç°Ãæ¿ÉÒÔ²»¼Ó¶¨¹Ú´Êthe¡£
6. ½é´Ê
(1)±íʾʱ¼äµÄ½é´Ê¼°½é´Ê¶ÌÓï
in, at, on, before£¬after£¬till£¬since£¬for, fromto, until£¬ by£¬in the middle of£¬at the beginning of£¬ at the end of£¬at half past five£¬at night£¬in a week£¬in the morning£¬in class£¬at sunrise£¬ in spring/summer/autumn/winter£¬on Sunday£¬on Saturday afternoon£¬on a winter evening£¬for a long time£¬for two months£¬after school£¬since liberation£¬before lunch£¬at the time of£¬at the age of
(2)±íʾµØµãµÄ½é´Ê¼°½é´Ê¶ÌÓï
in£¬at£¬into£¬to£¬on£¬beside£¬before£¬behind£¬above£¬under£¬outside,inside,up,from,far,from,near,across£¬ off£¬ down£¬ among£¬ past£¬between£¬out of£¬around£¬in the front of£¬ in the middle of£¬ at the back of£¬at the foot of£¬at home£¬at the gate£¬at the table£¬in the sky£¬ on the ground£¬in a tree£¬ in the south£¬in the sun£¬in the bed£¬on one’s way home£¬by the side of
¶þ. °Ë ÖÖ »ù ±¾ ʱ ̬
1. Ò»°ãÏÖÔÚʱ
¸ÅÄî: ±íʾ¾³£·¢ÉúµÄ¶¯×÷»ò¾³£´æÔÚµÄ״̬¡£
³£ºÍ always , often , usually , sometimes , every day µÈ±íʱ¼äµÄ×´ÓïÁ¬Óá£
È磺1) I go to school every day . ÎÒÿÌ춼ȥѧУ¡£(±í¾³£)
2) He is always like that . Ëû×ÜÊÇÄÇÑù¡£ (±í״̬)
¹¹³É£º 1) Ö÷Óï + be (am / are / is ) +……
2) Ö÷Óï + ʵÒ嶯´Ê/Èýµ¥¶¯´Ê + …
2.Ò»°ã¹ýȥʱ
¸ÅÄî: 1) ±íʾ¹ýȥij¸öʱ¼ä·¢ÉúµÄ¶¯×÷»ò´æÔÚµÄ״̬.
³£ºÍ±íʾ¹ýÈ¥µÄʱ¼ä×´ÓïÁ¬ÓÃ. Èç: yesterday , last week , in 1998 , two days agoµÈ.
Èç: I went to a movie yesterday. ÎÒ×òÌìÈ¥¿´ÁËÒ»³¡µçÓ°.
2) Ò²¿É±íʾ¹ýÈ¥¾³£»ò·´¸´·¢ÉúµÄ¶¯×÷.
Èç: He always went to work by bike last week.
¹¹³É: 1) Ö÷Óï + be (was / were ) +……
2) Ö÷Óï + ʵÒ嶯´Ê¹ýȥʽ +
3. ÏÖÔÚ½øÐÐʱ
¸ÅÄî: ±íʾÏÖÔÚ(˵»°Ë²¼ä)ÕýÔÚ½øÐлò·¢ÉúµÄ¶¯×÷.
Èç: He is singing.
They are watching TV now.
¹¹³É: Ö÷Óï + Öú¶¯´Êbe(am/are/is) + ¶¯´Ê-ingÐÎʽ¹¹³É.
4. ¹ýÈ¥½øÐÐʱ
¸ÅÄî: ±íʾ¹ýȥijһʱ¿Ì»òijһ¶Îʱ¼äÕýÔÚ½øÐеĶ¯×÷. ÕâÒ»Ìض¨µÄ¹ýȥʱ¼ä³ýÁËÓÐÉÏÏÂÎÄ°µÊ¾Íâ,Ò»°ãÓÃʱ¼ä×´ÓïÀ´±íʾ.
Èç: 1) ---What were you doing?
---I was jumping.
2) ---What was the boy doing when the UFO arrived?
---He was sleeping.
¹¹³É: Ö÷Óï + Öú¶¯´Êbe(was/were) + ¶¯´Ê-ingÐÎʽ¹¹³É.
5. Ò»°ã½«À´Ê±
¸ÅÄî: ±íʾ½«À´Ä³¸öʱ¼äÒª·¢ÉúµÄ¶¯×÷»ò´æÔÚµÄ״̬,Ò²±íʾ½«À´¾³£»ò·´¸´·¢ÉúµÄ¶¯×÷,³£Óë±íʾ½«À´µÄʱ¼ä×´ÓïÁ¬ÓÃ,Èç: tomorrow, next week, next year, in the futureµÈ.
Èç: He will go shopping tomorrow.
They are going to play basketball next week.
¹¹³É: 1) Ö÷Óï + Öú¶¯´Êwill + ¶¯Ô +…
2) Ö÷Óï + be going to + ¶¯Ô + ….
6. ¹ýÈ¥½«À´Ê±
¸ÅÄî: ±íʾÔÚ¹ýÈ¥½«À´µÄijһʱ¼ä·¢ÉúµÄ¶¯×÷»ò´æÔÚµÄ״̬.
¹¹³É: 1) Ö÷Óï(µÚÒ»È˳Æ) + Öú¶¯´Êshould + ¶¯Ô +…
2) Ö÷Óï + would + ¶¯Ô + ….
3) Ö÷Óï + was/ were going to +¶¯Ô…
Ó÷¨: ¹ýÈ¥½«À´Ê±³ýÁËÉÏÏÂÎÄ°µÊ¾Íâ,Ò»°ã³£ÓÃÔÚ¼ä½ÓÒýÓïÖÐ,Ö÷¾äνÓﶯ´ÊΪ¹ýȥʱ̬.
Èç: 1) I should go.
2) You knew I would come.
3) They were going to Naning.
7. ÏÖÔÚÍê³Éʱ
¹¹³É: Ö÷Óï + Öú¶¯´Ê ( have / has ) + ¶¯´Ê¹ýÈ¥·Ö´Ê +…
Ó÷¨ Àý¾ä
±íʾ¹ýÈ¥·¢Éú»òÒѾÍê³ÉµÄ¶¯×÷¶ÔÏÖÔÚÔì³ÉµÄÓ°Ïì»ò½á¹û. ---Have you had your lunch yet?
---Yes, I have. (ÏÖÔÚÎÒ²»¶öÁË)
8. ¹ýÈ¥Íê³Éʱ
¹¹³É: Ö÷Óï + Öú¶¯´Ê had + ¶¯´Ê¹ýÈ¥·Ö´Ê +…
Ó÷¨ Àý¾ä
±íʾ¹ýÈ¥ÔÚ¹ýȥijһʱ¼ä»ò¶¯×÷֮ǰÒѾ·¢Éú»òÍê³ÉÁ˵Ķ¯×÷.Ëü±íʾµÄ¶¯×÷·¢ÉúµÄʱ¼äÊÇ”¹ýÈ¥µÄ¹ýÈ¥”.±íʾ¹ýȥijһʱ¼ä¿ÉÓÃby, before µÈ¹¹³ÉµÄ¶ÌÓï,Ò²¿ÉÓÃwhen, before, µÈÒýµ¼µÄ´Ó¾ä»òÕßͨ¹ýÉÏÏÂÎıíʾ.
I had finished my homework when my mom came back home.
Èý¡¢ Èý ÖÖ »ù ±¾ ´Ó¾ä
´Ó¾äµÄ¹²Í¬Ìصã
´Ó¾äÊÇÖ¸ÔÚÒ»¸ö¾ä×ÓÖг䵱һ¸ö³É·ÖµÄ¾ä×Ó£¬³äµ±Ê²Ã´³É·Ö¾Í½Ðʲô´Ó¾ä£¬È磺³äµ±±öÓï¾Í½Ð±öÓï´Ó¾ä£¬³äµ±¶¨Óï³É·Ö¾Í½Ð¶¨Óï´Ó¾ä¡£
´ÓÒÔÉ϶¨ÒåÖÐÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒԵóö¹ØÓÚ´Ó¾äµÄÒ»¸ö×î´óÌص㣺´Ó¾äÊǾä×Ó¡£
´Ó¾äµÄ¹²Í¬Ìص㣺1.´Ó¾ä¶¼ÓÐ×Ô¼ºµÄÁ¬½Ó´Ê 2.´Ó¾ä¶¼ÊdzÂÊöÓïÐò(³ÂÊöÓïÐò¾ÍÊÇÖ÷ÓïÔÚÇ°£¬Î½ÓïÔÚºó£¬È磺He is a teacherÖ÷Óï He ÔÚνÓïis֮ǰ£¬Òò´ËÊdzÂÊöÓïÐò£¬¶øIs he a teacher? Ö÷Óï He ÔÚνÓïisÖ®ºó£¬Òò´Ë²»ÊdzÂÊöÓïÐò¡£)
1. ±öÓï´Ó¾ä
±öÓï´Ó¾äÊÇÖ¸ÔÚÒ»¸ö¾ä×ÓÖг䵱±öÓïµÄ¾ä×Ó£¬È磺He said that he wanted to be a teacher when he grew up.
±öÓï´Ó¾äµÄÌص㣺
¢Ù±öÓï´Ó¾äÓÐ×Ô¼ºµÄÁ¬½Ó´Ê
¢Ú±öÓï´Ó¾äÓóÂÊöÓïÐò
¢Û±öÓï´Ó¾äµÄʱ̬
(1)±öÓï´Ó¾äµÄÁ¬½Ó´Ê£º±öÓï´Ó¾äµÄÁ¬½Ó´Ê°üÀ¨that¡¢if/whether(ÊÇ·ñ)¡¢ÌØÊâÒÉÎÊ´Ê¡£
(2)±öÓï´Ó¾äµÄÓïÐò£º
A. ±öÓï´Ó¾äµÄÁ¬½Ó´Êºó¼Ó³ÂÊöÓïÐò(Ö÷ÓïÔÚÇ°£¬Î½ÓïÔÚºó),È磺I want to know if he can come tomorrow
B. µ±Á¬½Ó´Ê±¾ÉíÓÖÊDZöÓï´Ó¾äµÄÖ÷Óïʱ£¬ºóÃæÖ±½Ó¼ÓνÓﶯ´Ê£¬È磺She asked me who had helped him.
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A. Ö÷ÏÖÔò´ÓÈΣºÖ÷¾äÈç¹ûÊÇÒ»°ãÏÖÔÚʱ£¬Ôò´Ó¾ä¸ù¾Ýʱ¼ä×´ÓïÐèÒª´Ó°ËÖÖʱ̬ÖÐÈÎÑ¡Ò»ÖÖ£¬È磺1.He tells me he likes English very much(Ò»°ãÏÖÔÚʱ)
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